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1.
金川软岩蠕变破坏机理电镜实验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探讨金川矿岩石蠕变破坏机理,应用微观扫描电镜(SEM)对蠕变受力情况下岩石破坏断口微观形态进行了观察研究,并分析了其产生的微观破坏机制。结果表明:岩石蠕变断裂的微观机制主要是拉伸、剪切作用下岩石发生脆性断裂,从岩石断裂微观形态研究岩石蠕变断裂,可以更好的揭示岩石断口微观形貌特征、裂纹生核、扩展、及断裂方式与岩石蠕变演进过程的联系。 相似文献
2.
介绍了在低真空模式下扫描电子显微镜配装X射线能量色散谱仪检测宝玉石的原理与方法。对比与评估了宝玉石样品的X射线能量色散谱仪的无标样定量分析数据与其标准数据,讨论了扫描电子显微镜配装X射线能量色散谱仪在宝玉石检测分析中存在的问题。通过与其它宝玉石检测分析仪器如X射线荧光分析仪、X射线粉末衍射仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪及激光拉曼光谱仪比较后认为,扫描电子显微镜配装X射线能量色散谱仪对宝玉石无损分析鉴定是最方便、有效的手段之一。 相似文献
3.
μ-XRF技术在黄龙铺钼(铀)矿床铀矿物学研究中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
东秦岭碳酸岩型钼成矿带是全球最大的钼成矿带。该带内的黄龙铺矿床是中国最早发现的碳酸岩型钼矿床之一。最近的野外地质调查发现,部分钼矿石具有较高的放射性异常,但其放射性元素的赋存形式和矿物学特征尚不明确。本文借助聚毛细管微束X射线荧光光谱分析(μ-XRF)分析速度快、原位无损、高灵敏度的分析优势,快速查明铀矿物的空间位置,再结合扫描电镜分析(SEM)和X射线能谱分析(EDS),确定铀矿物的种类及其次生变化。研究表明:黄龙铺矿床高放射性矿石中主要的铀矿物为钛铀矿、铌钛铀矿和晶质铀矿,它们与方解石、长石、黄铁矿、辉钼矿和黄铜矿呈共生关系。矿石中铀矿物后期均遭受氧化性流体改造,发生了明显的蚀变,钛铀矿蚀变之后转变为含Nb的钛铁氧化物,铌钛铀矿和晶质铀矿蚀变后矿物内部形成大量空洞,流体来源可能为大气降水。背散射电子(BSE)图像上灰度差异明显,暗示着矿物中元素分布的不均一性。 相似文献
4.
浙江安吉多金属矿床金银赋存状态及银矿物特征研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
安吉矿区是以热液型铅锌铜为主的多金属矿床,工程样化验结果显示,各类矿石均含有高品位的银,可以独立划分银矿体。岩矿显微鉴定、SEM/EDS及EPMA分析结果表明,矿区中的Pb、Zn和Cu主要以方铅矿、闪锌矿、黄铜矿形式存在,银与这些硫化物有密切的依存关系。对数十个典型矿石光薄片进行了研究,发现矿区多数铅锌铜矿石中金、银主要以类质同像形式存在于方铅矿、闪锌矿、黄铜矿、黄铁矿等硫化物中,金、银含量分别达0.03%~0.57%和0.02%~3%。而热液脉型铅锌矿石中的银主要以两种独立银矿物(硫锑铜银矿和银锑黝铜矿)的形式,在方铅矿之中呈粒状、短柱状、叶片状、树枝状、不规则状发育,单颗粒粒度多在10~60μm之间,少数可达100μm,集合体粒度可达200μm。另外这两种独立银矿物之中还存在类质同像形式的金,据统计,金、银含量分别达0.14%~0.35%和10.98%~69.12%。因此,方铅矿为银独立矿物的主要载体之一,且富方铅矿的矿石中更容易发现独立银矿物。 相似文献
5.
在EDS定量分析中,有时会见到某些元素(Si、Fe、Al、Cr等)含量的异常现象。能谱仪的测试研究表明,引起异常的主要因素有:标样选用不当,磨料污染,试样中的包体,矿物天然表面吸着的Si、Fe胶态薄膜,被测矿物周围邻接物质成分的影响,被测物质厚度过小或样品表面的复盖物等;对不同因素的影响效果可采取相应的对策给予减小或消除。 相似文献
6.
K. Slezakova J. C. M. Pires M. C. Pereira F. G. Martins M. C. Alvim-Ferraz 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2008,60(3):221-236
In urban areas traffic is the major contributor to atmospheric particulate matter and exposure to these particles currently
represents a serious risk to human health. The attention has been recently focused more on the particles of smaller sizes
(PM2.5) which penetrate deeper in respiratory system causing severe health effects. Therefore, more information on PM2.5 should be provided, namely concerning morphological and chemical characterization. Aiming further evaluation of the impact
of traffic emissions on public health, this work evaluated the influence of traffic on the chemical and morphological characteristics
of PM10 and PM2.5, collected at one site influenced by traffic emissions and at one reference site. Chemical and morphological characteristics
of 1,000 individual particles were determined by scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive spectrometer
(SEM–EDS). Cluster analysis (CA) was used to identify different types of particles that occurred in PM, aiming the identification
of the respective emission sources. Traffic PM2.5 were dominated by particles composed of Fe oxides and alloys (67%) which were related to traffic emissions (this percentage
was 3.7 times higher than at the background site); in PM2.5–10 the abundance of Fe oxides and alloys were 20% and 0% for the traffic and background sites, respectively. Background PM2.5 were mainly constituted by aluminum silicates (63%) related to natural sources (this percentage was 2.5 times higher than
at the traffic site); the abundances of aluminum silicates in PM2.5–10 were 74% and 73% for traffic and background sites, respectively. It was concluded that traffic emissions were mainly present
in PM2.5 (the percentage of particles associated to these emissions was 3.4 times higher than in PM2.5–10), while coarse particles were dominated by material of natural origin (the percentage of particles associated was 1.2 and
3.0 times higher than in PM2.5 for traffic and background sites, respectively). Previous results obtained by proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) were consistent
with SEM–EDS analysis that showed to be very useful to complement elemental analysis of different PM2.5 and PM2.5–10. 相似文献
7.
定量确定中国大陆科学钻探工程主孔榴辉岩磷灰石中出溶体的组成:扫描电镜能谱分析(EDS)的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在不同类型变质岩和超基性岩的造岩矿物(如橄榄石、石榴子石、绿辉石等)中都发现了大小不一的固态出溶体。对大小仅为几个微米的出溶体,利用常规方法,电子探针、拉曼光谱等很难定量地确定它们的化学组分,严重地限制了对这些出溶体的地球化学动力学意义的认识。在最近的一系列研究中,发现榴辉岩中磷灰石含大量的出溶体,这些出溶体是平行于磷灰石C轴出溶的含铁、铜、铅等元素的硫化物。采用扫描电镜能谱分析(EDS)的点分析和线扫描技术,确定出溶体的主要组成元素,然后通过扣除磷灰石对所分析出溶域的贡献,能较准确地确定这些出溶体的化学组分,主要为FeS和FeS2。这些实验结果表明,利用扫描电镜的能谱分析(EDS)技术,通过点分析和线扫描,能够较精确地测量与母矿物之间化学成分差异较大的出溶体的化学组成。本文所提出的处理方法也适用于电子探针。 相似文献
8.
9.
Studies of Metallic and Trace Minerals of the Tiegelongnan Cu‐Au Deposit,Central Tibet,China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Electron probe micro-analysis(EPMA) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectrometry(EDS) have been used to investigate the principal ore minerals and coexisting metallic mineral inclusions in polished thin sections from the Tiegelongnan deposit, which consists of a high-sulfidation epithermal system(HSES) and a porphyry system(PS). Molybdenite,chalcopyrite, bornite, tennantite, enargite, digenite, anilite, covellite, and tetrahedrite have been identified by EPMA. Intergrowth, cross-cutting and replacement relationships between the metallic minerals suggest that molybdenite formed first(stage 1),followed by chalcopyrite ± bornite ± hematite(stage 2),then bornite ± Cu-sulfides ± Cu-Fe-sulfoarsenides(stage 3),and lastly Cu-Fe-sulfoarsenides ±Cu-sulfides(stage 4). Pyrite is developed throughout all the stages. Droplet-like inclusions of Au-Te minerals commonly occur in tennantite but not in the other major sulfides(molybdenite, chalcopyrite and bornite),implying that tennantite is the most important Au telluride carrier. The pervasive binary equilibrium phases of calaverite and altaite constrain f_(Te2) in the range from ～-6.5 to ～-8 and f_(S2)-11.The intergrowth of bornite and chalcopyrite and the conversion from bornite to digenite suggest fluctuated and relatively low precipitation temperature conditions in the HSES relative to the PS.Contrastingly, the dominance of chalcopyrite in the PS, with minor bornite, suggests relatively high temperature conditions. These new results are important for further understanding the mineral formation processes superimposed by HSES and PS systems. 相似文献
10.
本文运用X射线粉晶衍射(XRD)、透射电镜-能谱(TEM-EDS)和工业C T等方法,对云南江城勐野井钾盐矿床580m运输坑道地质剖面钾矿石的特征进行了研究。XRD和TEM-ESD结果给出,矿石中的盐类矿物主要是石盐、钾石盐、硬石膏和菱镁矿,钾石盐主要赋存在青灰色岩盐和灰绿色泥砾质岩盐中。CT结果表明,青灰色钾盐矿体中的石盐呈近似圆形和棱角分明的角砾,钾石盐沿石盐角砾的边缘呈条带状或不规则状分布,在条带状的内部可见钾石盐呈粒状或团块状分布,其中粒状钾石盐可能以八面体和立方体为主,而团块状钾石盐无特定晶形。钾石盐的这种分布特征表明,该盐类矿床在蒸发沉积过程中,早期沉积的石盐体呈遭受外力破坏,后期形成的钾石盐沿其裂隙沉积,表明钾石盐形成晚于石盐,且可能有多次沉积。 相似文献