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1.
Kela 2 Gas Field, with high formation pressure (74.35MPa), high pressure coefficient (2.022) and difficulty of potential test and evaluation, is the largest integrated proved dry gas reservoir in China so far and the principal source for West-East Gas Development Project. In order to correctly evaluate the elastic-plastic deformation of rocks caused by the pressure decline during production, some researches, as the experiment on reservoir sensitivity to stress of gas filed with abnormal high pressure, are made. By testing the rock mechanic properties, porosities and permeabilities at different temperature and pressure of 342 core samples from 5 wells in this area, the variations of petro-physical properties at changing pressure are analyzed, and the applicable inspection relationship is concluded. The average productivity curve with the reservoir sensitivity to stress is plotted on the basis of the research, integrated with the field-wide productivity equation. The knowledge lays a foundation for the gas well productivity evaluation in the field and the gas field development plan, and provides effective techniques and measures for basic research on the development of similar gas fields. 相似文献
2.
Thermodynamic conditions of framework grain dissolution of clastic rocks and its application in Kela 2 gas field 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
LAI Xingyun YU Bingsong CHEN Junyuan CHEN Xiaolin LIU Jianqing MEI Mingxiang JING Weiguang & CHENG Suhua School of Earth Sciences Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing China Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Tectonics Deep-level Process Exploration of Ministry of Education Beijing China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(1):21-31
Feldspar and clastic debris are the most important constituent framework grains of sedimentary clastic rocks and their chemical dissolution plays an essential role in the formation and evolution of the secondary pore in the reservoir rocks. On the basis of thermodynamic phase equilibrium, this study investigates the chemical equilibrium relationships between fluid and various plagioclase and K-feldspar in diagenesis of the sediments, particularly, the impact of temperature and fluid compositions (pH, activity of K+, Na+, Ca2+ and so on) on precipitation and dissolution equilibria of feldspars. Feldspar is extremely easily dissolved in the acid pore water with a low salinity when temperature decreases. The dissolution of anorthite end-member of plagioclase is related to the Ca content of the mineral and the fluid, higher Ca either in the mineral or in the fluid, easier dissolution of the feldspar. Moreover, the dissolution of albite end-member of plagioclase is related to Na of both the mineral and fluid, 相似文献
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4.
根据克拉2气田现今实测地层压力分析了异常高压发育的特征,并通过流体包裹体测试求取包裹体形成时期的古压力。计算结果表明:下白垩统和古近系库姆格列木群砂岩储层在距今8～6Ma(康村组沉积期末)时,古压力系数大致为1.09～1.18,发育过剩压力为4.6～9.6MPa的异常高压。在此基础上,以古、今压力数据为约束条件,利用数值模拟技术定量恢复出下白垩统与侏罗系异常流体压力的演化历史。研究发现:下白垩统储层流体压力经历了沉积型异常流体压力形成发展(白垩纪-库车组沉积期末)和沉积型异常流体压力萎缩—构造挤压型异常流体压力孕育(库车组沉积期末至今)两个阶段。康村组沉积早期沉积型超压开始出现,库车组沉积期末达到顶峰,过剩压力达40～50MPa;此后,在沉积型超压萎缩—构造挤压型超压孕育过程的耦合下,过剩压力曾降至25～30MPa,更新世起超压略有升高。侏罗系流体压力演化较为简单,吉迪克组沉积期开始出现超压,至库车组沉积期末达到高峰,此后异常高压逐渐萎缩。在克拉2气田的主要成藏时期(距今3～1Ma),烃源岩较储层具有更高的异常压力,源—储压力差为10～30MPa。 相似文献
5.
塔里木盆地克拉2气田储层流体包裹体与油气成藏研究 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：4
储层流体包裹体研究是认识油气运移、油气成藏的有效方法之一.通过对塔里木盆地克拉2气田克拉201井储层流体包裹体的系统取样研究,得到储层流体包裹体的四组均一温度:75～105℃,120～135℃,155～175℃,200～250℃.其中前三组与油气成藏有关,第四组及更高的温度可能与地下的热液活动有关.结合沉积埋藏史和热史的恢复,认为克拉2气田的成藏时间为11～2.5 Ma之间,即康村组至库车组沉积初期开始,到库车组遭受抬升剥蚀时停止.推测来自地下的高温热液可能对气藏起过重要的改造作用. 相似文献
6.
塔里木盆地克拉2特大型气田流体包裹体特征及油气成藏作用 总被引：18，自引：3，他引：15
储层液体包裹体测试分析是研究油气运移、成藏时间和期次和问题的一种非效的方法,克拉２气田储层流体包裹体类及其丰度统计分析表明,烃类包裹体丰度与储层含油气必一之间具有明显相关性,根据包裹体产状,均一温度和包裹体成分拉曼光谱分析结果发现,油气在成岩早期就开始注入,并一直保存在储层中,直到后期才裂解成干气,有机包裹体均一温度表现为一个主峰,盐水包裹体均一温度有三个区间（峰值）,其中第一个峰值与有机包裹体一 相似文献
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通过地层、沉积相、岩石学特征、储层物性和连通性等方面的研究,对库车坳陷克深2气藏和克拉2气田白垩系巴什基奇克组砂岩储层的气藏地质特征进行对比,发现克深2气藏与克拉2气田在地层和沉积相方面具有较好的关联性,但在储层特征方面具有较大的差异,具体表现在长石含量、物性特征、隔夹层和裂缝及断层的发育情况有较大的不同。通过对比研究,相对于克拉2气田,克深2气藏整体上储层物性和气藏连通性较差,在后期需要借鉴克拉2气田成熟的开发技术和地质资料进行高效有序的气田开发。 相似文献
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塔里木盆地克拉2气田白垩系储层沉积相 总被引：19，自引：6，他引：13
克拉2气田是我国陆上勘探发现的最大气田,它的发现奠定了塔里木盆地做为我国 “西气东输” 重要天然气基地的资源基础。克拉2气田产层主要为下白垩统巴什基奇克组砂岩、下第三系库姆格列木群底砂岩和白云岩,其中下白垩统巴什基奇克组砂岩储层厚度为220.3-285.2m,孔隙度为1.1-22.4%,平均12.83%;渗透率为0.004-1770.1×10-3μm2,平均51.46×10-3μm2。砂岩储层以剩余原生粒间孔为主。通过钻井和露头剖面沉积相对比,克拉2气田巴什基奇克组第三段为扇三角洲前缘沉积,主要微相有水下分流河道、水下重力流和浅湖泥等,岩性以砂砾岩、含砾砂岩和褐色泥岩为主;第二段为辫状河三角洲前缘沉积,主要有水下辫状河道、河口砂坝和分流间湾等微相,以棕褐色中细砂岩夹薄层泥岩为主;第一段为辫状河三角洲平原沉积,主要有远端辫状河道和分流间湾微相,以棕褐色中细砂岩为主。巴什基奇克组沉积时期,古气候以干旱炎热为主,北部发育多个扇体,在平面上相互连接、叠置形成多个物源出口,形成了一系列由辫状河道组成的辫状河三角洲,而非单一辫状河流形成的沉积体,从而形成大面积分布的稳定砂体。沉积微相对比表明,巴什基奇克组储层是由互相切割的多个辫状河道砂体叠置而成,各段微相在横向上分布十分稳定,各砂体互相连通、连续性好,泥岩夹层薄、不连续,空间上具有厚度大、分布广、连续性好、物性好和隔夹层少的特点,为一套优质天然气储层。 相似文献
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克拉2气田储集岩中方解石胶结物的溶解及其对次生孔隙的贡献 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
沉积物成岩作用中碳酸盐胶结物的形成和溶解直接关系到岩石孔隙体积及其连通性,对石油、天然气等的储集和运移具有重要影响。通过纵向对比分析发现库车坳陷的克拉2气田储集岩层的孔隙度和渗透率值与碳酸盐含量呈反相关关系,即碳酸盐含量越高,孔、渗值越低。引起碳酸盐含量变化的正是其中的方解石胶结物的变化。岩石显微结构表明,方解石随深度的变化是通过粒间胶结物的早期沉淀、深埋时的溶解及晚期再胶结而发生的,并且导致本区K 201井3 800 m深处的孔、渗高异常带。伴随方解石在深度上的含量变化,地下水也呈现出纵向上的分带性。基于水岩作用热力学相平衡及质量守恒理论,利用相关的热力学数据库和溶液模型,模拟方解石的溶解度与水型之间的关系得出,方解石的溶解度与地下水中[ΣCO2]-[C a2 ]值密切相关,该值越小越有利于方解石的溶解,否则发生沉淀。克拉2气田中N a2SO4型水的[ΣCO2]-[C a2 ]≈0,是典型的方解石饱和溶液,方解石与这种溶液呈平衡态,既无大量的沉淀,也无明显的溶解;N aHCO3型水的[ΣCO2]-[C a2 ]>0,是一典型的过饱和溶液,这种地下水所在的岩石中出现大量方解石胶结物的沉淀,孔、渗值很低;C aC l2型水的[ΣCO2]-[C a2 ]<0,代表了典型的欠饱和溶液,与其对应的储层内不但无方解石沉淀,而且早期的方解石胶结物也要被彻底溶解,形成大量的次生孔隙,导致孔、渗值增高,从而成为本区天然气的最有利储集层段。 相似文献
10.
Basin Modeling in the Kuqa Depression of the Tarim Basin (Western China): A Fully Temperature-dependent Model of Overpressure History 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Guangren Shi 《Mathematical Geosciences》2008,40(1):47-62
The fully temperature-dependent model of the effective pressure of the solid matrix and its related overpressure has been
derived from the pressure balance equation, mass conservation, and Darcy’s law, and is directly useful in basin modeling.
Application of the model in the Kuqa Depression of the Tarim Basin in western China proves that this overpressure model is
highly accurate. The case of the present-day values of the calculated overpressure histories of Wells Kela2 and Yinan2 approach
the field-measured data with mean absolute relative residuals of 3% and 5%, respectively. This indicates that the overpressure
simulation is a practical alternative to using rock mechanics experiments for effective pressure measurement. Since calculation
of the overpressure history uses the geohistory model and geothermal history model simulation outcomes, the relevant data
used and the output of the two models of the Kela2 well are given as examples.
The case studies show that the pore fluid density and viscosity used in the calculation of overpressures should be temperature-dependent,
otherwise the calculation results would deviate far from the field-measured pressure data. They also show that the most sensitive
parameter governing overpressure is permeability, and permeability can be calculated by using either the Kozeny–Carman formula
or the porosity–power function. The Kozeny–Carman formula is better if accurate data for the specific surface area of the
solid matrix (S
a
) exists, otherwise, the porosity–power function is used. Furthermore, it is vital for calculating an accurate overpressure
history that one can calibrate S
a
in the Kozeny–Carman formula, or index m in the porosity–power function by using field-measured pressure data as a constraint.
In these specific case studies, the outcome found by using the Kozeny–Carman formula approaches the outcome found by using
the porosity–power function with m=4, and both approach the field-measured pressure data. 相似文献