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1.
共生黑钨矿与石英等多种矿物中流体包裹体的红外显微测温对比研究——以江西西华山石英脉钨矿床为例 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
西华山钨矿床是一个产于燕山期花岗岩中的大脉型钨矿床。已有百余年的开采史。但在矿床成矿条件和成矿流体性质等方面一直存在不同认识。作者利用红外显微镜及其它相关设备,对西华山矿床不同中段样品中的黑钨矿、锡石、绿柱石、黄铁矿、闪锌矿、石英和萤石中的流体包裹体进行了详细对比研究。结果显示,蚀变花岗岩中造岩石英只见次生气液包裹体,晶洞水晶中只有原生包裹体,而云英岩石英中原生、次生包裹体均较发育。黑钨矿中以原生气液包裹体为主,在早期结晶的黑钨矿中还有较多的硅酸盐熔融包裹体,而晶洞中的黑钨矿和水晶一样——只有原生气液包裹体。绿柱石中除了硅酸盐包裹体外,主要是气液包裹体(多为次生)。其它锡石、黄铁矿、闪锌矿和萤石等都只有气液包裹体(原生或次生)。研究结果表明,西华山钨矿床的初始成矿流体是一种岩浆——热液过渡性流体,尔后才演变成单一的热水溶液,在这一过程中黑钨矿、黄铁矿、闪锌矿、萤石和石英等矿物不断晶出。矿床总的成矿温度大致为700~200℃,压力约为160~200MPa。各种气液包裹体的盐度主要为5.0%~10%Na Cleqv。文中还对这些数据的地质意义以及对脉钨矿床流体包裹体研究和数据解释中的某些问题进行了较深入的讨论。 相似文献
2.
安徽铜陵朝山金矿床流体包裹体研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
朝山金矿床是狮子山矿田内的热液交代型金矿床,在成因上与燕山期的白芒山辉石闪长岩有关.通过采集发育在不同深度下的含金黄铁矿-石英一方解石脉样品,进行流体包裹体岩相学观察和显微测温发现,石英和方解石中均捕获了富气相、富液相的两相水溶液包裹体和含子晶的三相水溶液包裹体,以上三种类型包裹体的均一温度统计峰值分别出现于315～335℃和255～275℃,盐度的统计峰值出现于17.50%～22.50%NaCl eq.和32.50%～37.50%NaCl eq.之间.激光拉曼探针分析表明,石英中流体包裹体的气相成分以水蒸汽为主,伴有少量CO2,可能含有CH4.流体的H、O同位素组成具确岩浆水特征.上述研究表明.朝山金矿成矿流体经历了相态变化,发生了不均匀捕获.受燕山期岩浆作用影响,狮子山矿田内的铜、金成矿在时空上具有一定联系,成矿流体运移的过程中,主要发生了相分离、气相液化和减压沸腾作用,可能是形威铜、金矿化分带的重要原因. 相似文献
3.
The Esino Limestone of the western Southern Alps represents a differentiated Ladinian-Lower Carnian (?) carbonate platform comprised of margin, slope and peritidal inner platform facies up to 1000 m thick. A major regional subaerial exposure event lead to coverage by another peritidal Lower Carnian carbonate platform (Breno Formation). Multiphase dolomitization affected the carbonate sediments. Petrographic examinations identified at least three main generations of dolomites (D1, D2, and D3) that occur as both replacement and fracture-filling cements. These phases have crystal-size ranges of 3–35 μm (dolomicrite D1), 40–600 μm (eu-to subhedral crystals D2), and 200 μm to 5 mm (cavity- and fracture-filling anhedral to subhedral saddle dolomite D3), respectively.The fabric retentive near-micritic grain size coupled with low mean Sr concentration (76 ± 37 ppm) and estimated δ18O of the parent dolomitizing fluids of D1 suggest formation in shallow burial setting at temperature ∼ 45–50 °C with possible contributions from volcanic-related fluids (basinal fluids circulated in volcaniclastics or related to volcanic activity), which is consistent with its abnormally high Fe (4438 ± 4393 ppm) and Mn (1219 ± 1418 ppm) contents. The larger crystal sizes, homogenization temperatures (D2, 108 ± 9 °C; D3, 111 ± 14 °C) of primary two-phase fluid inclusions, and calculated salinity estimates (D2, 23 ± 2 eq wt% NaCl; D3, 20 ± 4 eq wt% NaCl) of D2 and D3 suggest that they formed at later stages under mid-to deeper burial settings at higher temperatures from dolomitizing fluids of higher salinity, which is supported by higher estimated δ18O values of their parent dolomitizing fluids. This is also consistent with their high Fe (4462 ± 4888 ppm; and 1091 ± 1183 ppm, respectively) and Mn (556 ± 289 ppm and 1091 ± 1183 ppm) contents, and low Sr concentrations (53 ± 31 ppm and 57 ± 24 ppm, respectively).The similarity in shale-normalized (SN) REE patterns and Ce (Ce/Ce*)SN and La (Pr/Pr*)SN anomalies of the investigated carbonates support the genetic relationship between the dolomite generations and their calcite precursor. Positive Eu anomalies, coupled with fluid-inclusion gas ratios (N2/Ar, CO2/CH4, Ar/He), high F− concentration, high F/Cl and high Cl/Br molar ratios suggest an origin from diagenetic fluids circulated through volcanic rocks, which is consistent with the co-occurrence of volcaniclastic lenses in the investigated sequence. 相似文献
4.
山东招远大尹格庄金矿成矿流体特征 总被引：31，自引：13，他引：18
大尹格庄金矿位于中国胶北地体西北部招平断裂带下盘的蚀变花岗质碎裂岩 (绢英岩 )带中 ,断裂上盘为胶东群变质岩系。金主要产于黄铁绢英岩和黄铁矿±多金属硫化物 石英±碳酸盐脉 -细网脉中 ,构成细脉 -浸染状矿石。对蚀变围岩和金矿石中流体包裹体的研究表明钾长石化岩 (钾长石 -石英脉 )和绢英岩 (第 I和第 II阶段 )的石英中含有丰富的 CO2 -H2 O包裹体 ,而金 -硫化物矿石和石英 -碳酸盐脉 (第 III和第 IV阶段 )中 CO2 - H2 O包裹体数量逐渐减少。显微测温指示 ,钾长石化岩和绢英岩石英中的 CO2 - H2 O包裹体的均一温度范围为 2 80～ 36 0℃ ;而金 -黄铜矿和金 -方铅矿 -闪锌矿矿石中包裹体的均一温度分别为 2 40～ 2 75℃和 180～ 2 5 0℃。显微测温和激光拉曼探针分析表明 ,第 I和第 II阶段的成矿流体含 10～ 2 5mol% CO2 ;而第 III和第 IV阶段的含 <5～ 10 mol% CO2 ,并含少量至可观数量 CH4,H2 S和 SO2 等。广泛的黄铁矿化、碳酸盐化蚀变以及缺乏较高盐度的水包裹体说明金很可能是以硫络合物和碳络合物形式被搬运。金的沉淀与温度下降、由裂隙的(重复 )开放引起明显的压力降低和原始流体的不混溶作用有关 ,具多阶段成矿特点 相似文献
5.
流体包裹体是古地质流体的唯一直接记录,为反演地质过程涉及的物理化学条件等提供了最为重要的证据。流体包裹体是研究热液矿床成矿流体最有利手段,常规的测试对象为透明的脉石矿物,而矿石矿物中的流体包裹体更为直接、准确地记录了成矿流体信息。大多数矿石矿物在显微镜透射光下不透明,其捕获的流体包裹体研究需要使用配备有红外成像系统的显微镜进行。近20 年来,不透明矿物流体包裹体红外显微测温研究获得了长足的进展,但其中仍有一些问题尚未解决,制约了该方法的应用;同时,国内该研究领域正处在起步阶段,多个实验室已安装了红外测试仪器,但尚未开展系统的研究工作。因此,需要对该研究领域进行综述,探讨存在的问题,以促进该研究方法的发展。本文首先介绍了红外显微镜仪器工作原理及样品制备注意事项,阐述了影响不透明矿物红外透明度的因素,讨论了红外显微测温研究中的主要问题和难点,并针对测温过程中相变观察困难、红外光可能影响测温结果等问题提出可行的解决方案,最后论述了红外显微测温系统在矿床学领域的应用前景。 相似文献
6.
甘肃寨上金矿床成矿流体性质与成矿作用探讨 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：10
位于西秦岭成矿省礼（县）-岷（县）成矿带西段的寨上金矿床,是近年发现的一个大型微细浸染型金矿。对矿床流体包裹体的研究表明,热液石英脉及方解石脉中两类流体包裹体主要是水溶液包裹体和含CO2包裹体。流体包裹体均一温度一般介于110—300℃,240℃为主成矿阶段温度峰值。从热液作用的旱阶段到晚阶段,具有成矿温度递减、盐度升高的趋势,两者呈负相关性变化,指示流体发生过不混溶作用。流体密度集中变化于0．8—1．0g／cm^3之间,压力及成矿深度略大于邻区同类矿床。成矿流体是以“盐水-CO2-CH4”为主要组分的热液体系,流体包裹体气相成分以H2O和CO2为主,次为N2、CH4等有机还原性气体,液相成分中Na^＋、Ca^2＋远高于其它金属阳离子,阴离子以SO4^2-、Cl^-为主,NO3^-和F^-。寨上金矿床成矿流体总体表现为中低温、低盐度、低密度且富含碳氢化合物组分的热液。从成矿流体性质及其演化来看,深源热液参与可能对金的活化迁移起到重要作用,构造体制转换使流体稳定体系发生改变而造成金的富集成矿。 相似文献
7.
超高压变质流体的组成与演化：中国大陆科学钻探工程主孔岩心的流体包裹体研究 总被引：6，自引：15，他引：6
中国大陆科学钻探工程主孔位于大别-苏鲁超高压变质带东段的江苏东海县,孔深为5100m,其上部2050m钻遇的岩石主要为榴辉岩,其次是正、副片麻岩、石榴橄榄(辉石)岩以及少量片岩和石英岩。它们经历了超高压变质作用和随后的角闪岩相退变质作用。通过对上述各种岩石的详细流体包体观察和RAMAN光谱分析,发现了五种不同成分的流体包裹体:(1)中-低盐度水溶液包裹体(Ⅰ型),呈原生的孤立和小群存在于榴辉岩和片麻岩锆石的岩浆核和超高压变质边缘,或存在于绿辉石、黝帘石和被绿辉石包裹的方解石和石英中,偶尔呈出溶包裹体产于磷灰石中,而主要沿绿辉石、石榴石、蓝晶石、黝帘石和石英等矿物的穿颗粒裂隙分布;也呈孤立和小群产于切穿榴辉岩的方解石脉和片麻岩重结晶石榴石和绿帘石中;(2)CO2(±CH4)-H2O包裹体(Ⅱ型),存在于锆石的岩浆核和变质边缘,或沿石英裂隙分布;(3)含石盐±SiO2±CaCO3的复杂盐水包裹体(Ⅲ型),呈原生流体包裹体产在榴辉岩的绿辉石中,与石英出溶棒一起平行于绿辉石的C轴分布,或产在石榴辉石岩透辉石的晶内裂隙中;(4)富CO2包裹体(Ⅳ型),在榴辉岩的石英中随机分布;(5)单气相包裹体(Ⅴ型),沿各种矿物穿颗粒裂隙分布。流体包裹体产状及其与捕获时代关系表明,Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型包裹体可以出现在超高压变质岩原岩、峰期变质和退变质各阶段。Ⅲ型包裹体出现在超高压变质岩的早期减压退变质阶段。而Ⅳ型和Ⅴ型包裹体主要形成于角闪岩相及更晚的退变质阶段。本研究的主要认识是:(1)低盐度H2O和CO2流体在进变质、超高压变质和退变质作用各阶段均有存在,这表明在整个超高压变质演化过程中流体具有继承性。(2)超高压变质岩原岩和角闪岩相退变质岩中存在较丰富的流体包裹体,但在超高压峰期捕获的流体包裹体却很少见,这表明丰富的原岩流体或在超高压进变质过程中被排出岩石体系,或进入含水超高压矿物和结合进名义无水矿物。(3)复杂成分原生流体包裹体的发现证明在超高压变质峰期后的早期减压退变质阶段存在一种高盐度似熔体流体,名义上的无水矿物在超高压条件下可以保存相当量的流体,并在退变质过程中分离出来,产生流体-岩石相互作用。(4)角闪岩阶段的流体包裹体具有各种不同的化学组成,且在局部富集,推测可能有部分外部加入的流体。(5)流体包裹体类型、丰度和成分在不同岩石类型中和不同钻孔深度都存在明显差异,表明超高压变质作用过程中没有大规模的透入性流体活动。(6)根据超高压变质峰期包裹体等容线得到的压力值大大低于根据矿物温压计获得的近峰期变质压力,这表明包裹体的密度在捕获后发生了改变。这些改变是由于流体渗漏、部分爆裂和流体-岩石相互作用所引起。 相似文献
8.
《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2014,346(1-2):13-19
The Palaeoproterozoic Franceville basin, Gabon, is mainly known for its high-grade uranium deposits, which are the only ones known to act as natural nuclear fission reactors. Previous work in the Kiéné region investigated the nature of the fluids responsible for these natural nuclear reactors. The present work focuses on the top of the Archaean granitic basement, specifically, to identify and date the successive alteration events that affected this basement just below the unconformity separating it from the Palaeoproterozoic basin. Core from four drill holes crosscutting the basin–basement unconformity have been studied. Dating is based on U–Pb isotopic analyses performed on monazite. The origin of fluids is discussed from the study of fluid inclusion planes (FIP) in quartz from basement granitoids. From the deepest part of the drill holes to the unconformable boundary with the basin, propylitic alteration assemblages are progressively replaced by illite and locally by a phengite + Fe chlorite ± Fe oxide assemblage. Illitic alteration is particularly strong along the sediment–granitoid contact and is associated with quartz dissolution. It was followed by calcite and anhydrite precipitation as fracture fillings. U–Pb isotopic dating outlines three successive events: a 3.0–2.9-Ga primary magmatic event, a 2.6-Ga propylitic alteration and a late 1.9-Ga diagenetic event. Fluid inclusion microthermometry suggests the circulation of three types of fluids: (1) a Na–Ca-rich diagenetic brine, (2) a moderately saline (diagenetic + meteoric) fluid, and (3) a low-salinity fluid of probable meteoric origin. These fluids are similar to those previously identified within the overlying sedimentary rocks of the Franceville basin. Overall, the data collected in this study show that the Proterozoic–Archaean unconformity has operated as a major flow corridor for fluids circulation, around 1.9 Ga. 相似文献
9.
Mona-Liza C. Sirbescu Emily E. Hartwick James J. Student 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2008,156(3):289-305
We evaluated the crystallization regime of a zoned pegmatite dike and
the degree of magma undercooling at the onset of crystallization by analyzing
coeval fluid and melt inclusion assemblages. The liquidus temperature of the
pegmatite magma was ~720°C, based on re-melting of crystallized-melt
inclusions in heating experiments. The magma crystallized sequentially starting
with a thin border zone, which formed in less than one day at an average
temperature of ~480°C based on primary fluid inclusions, meaning 240°C
undercooling. The primary inclusions from the outer zones were postdated by
secondary inclusions trapped between 580 and 720°C, representing fluid exsolved
from hotter, still crystallizing inner pegmatite units. The huge temperature
contrast between the pegmatite’s inner and outer zones was simulated by
conductive-heat numerical modeling. A 2.5 m wide dike emplaced in 220°C rocks
cools entirely to <400°C in less than 50 days. Unidirectional and skeletal textures
also indicate rapid, disequilibrium crystallization. 相似文献
10.
W. Prochaska W. Pohl R. Belocky H. Kucha 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1995,84(4):831-842
The specularite deposit at Waldenstein is an epigenetic replacement/vein-type hematite mineralization with distinct alteration zones. It is situated in highly metamorphosed schists and, gneisses of the Koralm Crystalline Complex. Sericitization and chloritization are strictly bound to this alteration and occur within a few meters of the hematite veins. Radiometric dating of the sericitization and the implicity of the mineralization yield a Middle Eocene age. Petrographic evidence proves an early, relatively reduced paragenesis (magnetite, ilmenite) being partly replaced by hematite and chlorite during the main phase of ore formation. Fluid inclusion and stable isotope investigations indicate that formation temperatures were approximately 300°C during the main stage and decreased to 200°C in the latest stage of the hydrothermal event. The H-isotope compositions of chlorites and of fluid inclusions in quartz indicate the influence of seawater. This also explains the high salinities determined by fluid inclusion studies (20–30% NaCl equiv.). According to the genetic model presented in this paper the hydrothermal activity started when the deformation accompanying the uplift of the Koralm Crystalline Complex passed from a ductile to brittle regime (Middle Eocene). The brittle faults acted as channelways for rising, deep fluids, probably of metamorphic origin. Temperature differences between the different uplifting crustal segments supported fluid circulation. Precipitation of the ore occurred at shallow crustal levels where the hydraulic regime was dominated by seawater, and oxidation of the original reducing fluids took place. 相似文献