Concurrent Determination of U‐Pb Age and REE Mass Fractions of Zircon by High Mass Resolution SIMS     

Yu Liu  Qiu‐Li Li  Guo‐Qiang Tang  Xian‐Hua Li 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2020,44(3):421-437

A combined geochronological and geochemical investigation for the same domain of zircon provides valuable information on timing and genesis, particularly in the case of multi‐growth metamorphic zircon. A high spatial resolution concurrent analytical method for zircon U‐Pb age and rare earth element content was successfully achieved in this study, using a multi‐collector secondary ion mass spectrometer (SIMS) at a ~ 8 μm diameter scale. Special instrument parameters were employed, including a high mass resolution of approximately 15000 applied to replace the previous energy filter method, and a dynamic multi‐collector mode used to reduce the measurement time to 18 min per analysis. Six zircon reference materials yielded precise and accurate ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U ages, which are comparable to those obtained by the ordinary mono‐collector method, but with 2–3 times higher spatial resolution. All zircon grains measured in this study showed enriched heavy‐REE (HREE) contents consistent with previously reported values determined by LA and solution ICP‐MS methods. The light‐REE (LREE) mass fractions measured using both SIMS and LA‐ICP‐MS methods in this study, although with quite different volume, show consistent results within uncertainties.  相似文献   

Smectite formation in metalliferous sediments near the East Pacific Rise at 13°N   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

荣坤波  曾志刚  殷学博  陈帅  王晓媛  齐海燕  马瑶 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(9):67-81

A 43 cm long E271 sediment core collected near the East Pacific Rise(EPR) at 13°N were studied to investigate the origin of smectite for understanding better the geochemical behavior of hydrothermal material after deposition.E271 sediments are typical metalliferous sediments. After removal of organic matter, carbonate, biogenic opal,and Fe-Mn oxide by a series of chemical procedures, clay minerals(2 μm) were investigated by X-ray diffraction,chemical analysis and Si isotope analysis. Due to the influence of seafloor hydrothermal activity and close to continent, the sources of clay minerals are complex. Illite, chlorite and kaolinite are suggested to be transported from either North or Central America by rivers or winds, but smectite is authigenic. It is enriched in iron, and its contents are highest in clay minerals. Data show that smectite is most likely formed by the reaction of hydrothermal Fe-oxyhydroxide with silica and seawater in metalliferous sediments. The Si that participates in this reaction may be derived from siliceous microfossils(diatoms or radiolarians), hydrothermal fluids, or detrital mineral phases. And their δ30 Si values are higher than those of authigenic smectites, which implies that a Si isotope fractionation occurs during the formation because of the selective absorption of light Si isotopes onto Feoxyhydroxides. Sm/Fe mass ratios(a proxy for overall REE/Fe ratio) in E271 clay minerals are lower than those in metalliferous sediments, as well as distal hydrothermal plume particles and terrigenous clay minerals. This result suggests that some REE are lost during the smectite formation, perhaps because their large ionic radii of REE scavenged by Fe-oxyhydroxides preclude substitution in either tetrahedral or octahedral lattice sites of this mineral structure, which decreases the value of metalliferous sediments as a potential resource for REE.  相似文献   

A method to evaluate REE-HFSE mineralised provinces by value creation potential,and an example of application: Gardar REE-HFSE province,Greenland     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2020,11(6):2141-2156

The rare earth elements and high-field-strength elements (REE-HFSE) exploration sector conducts most evaluations at deposit and smaller scales. It is not evident how the sector performs a preceding exploration stage—rating and prioritising REE-HFSE mineralised provinces—to determine which provinces are prospective enough to warrant investment. Here we present an objective, repeatable, low-cost method to screen any REE-HFSE province, as a foundation for district-scale investigations or asset evaluations. It is original for REE-HFSE screening, and adapted from regional scale copper, cobalt and petroleum exploration, and CO₂ storage, screening methods. It is centred upon a mineralised province’s favourability for potential value creation, and to identify: (a) its main information gaps; (b) its weakest links; (c) its exploration maturity and remaining potential category; (d) how it compares against other REE-HFSE provinces; and (e) if further investigation is justified. This method incorporates geoscience, strategy, economic and socio-environmental factors in a way that is understandable and directly usable across stakeholder groups. The workflow is systematic, yet flexible enough to accommodate organisation-specific criteria, and usable for other commodities. It provides the platform to build a global REE-HFSE province map and database consistently across national boundaries and organisations. Categories for the extent of province exploration maturity and remaining mineral potential are proposed. We illustrate the applicability of these methods using the Gardar REE-HFSE Province (GRHP) of south Greenland. We conclude that it is a moderate size, frontier province that is currently of questionable favourability for value creation. To move GRHP into a positive favourability class, its current weak links need strengthening by research, government policy and industry stakeholders: evaluate the mineral system; integrate all information geospatially and place it in the public domain; help the region improve some community health and safety issues; convert some mineral resources into an Ore Reserves category; commence mining and sales production.  相似文献   

黄陵断穹核部鳞片石墨矿地球化学特征与成因研究     

程林 《地质与勘探》2020,56(4):745-758

黄陵断穹核部石墨矿是我国鳞片(晶质)石墨矿的主要产区,对该区石墨矿的研究具有重要理论和实际意义。该区已有石墨矿研究成果多侧重于矿床地质方面,对矿床成因分析缺乏地球化学支撑。为此,本文从地球化学层面查明石墨矿原岩类型,碳质富集岩相、变质作用和晶质石墨的形成,为矿床成因和成矿作用提供地球化学依据。通过系统采集区内主要石墨矿样品,进行主量元素、微量元素、稀土元素和同位素分析,根据矿床地球化学原理和分析方法,阐明石墨矿的物质来源,成矿元素集散行为和矿床形成机制。根据主量元素含量和组合,推断石墨的原岩为碳质粉砂质泥岩。微量元素的双重性指示石墨矿的物质有两个来源:中太古代野马洞岩组和中太古代东冲河片麻杂岩。独特的稀土元素配分型式说明物源转化为原岩时存在着强烈的地球化学反应。石墨矿的碳同位素组成支持碳质来自有机物的观点。  相似文献   

滇西勐兴铅锌矿床热液方解石碳氧同位素、稀土元素特征及其指示意义     

刘锦康 《地质与勘探》2021,57(4):852-864

勐兴铅锌矿床是滇西保山地块内系列低温热液矿床中的典型代表,但地质科研工作相对薄弱。由于方解石是该矿床中分布广泛且与热液活动息息相关的重要脉石矿物,其形成贯穿整个成矿过程,故对其C-O同位素及稀土元素组成特征进行系统研究,以便探讨矿床成矿流体来源及演化。结果显示,该矿床两阶段方解石的δ~(13)C_(PDB)和δ~(18)O_(SMOW)值与海相碳酸盐岩较为接近,且从阶段Ⅰ→阶段Ⅱ呈微弱下降趋势,表明成矿流体中的C主要来源于围岩碳酸盐岩的溶解,阶段Ⅱ成矿流体在与围岩反应之前可能已经发生CO2热液去气作用;阶段Ⅰ方解石的稀土总量、特征参数及配分模式与结晶灰岩较为一致,而阶段Ⅱ方解石与生物碎屑灰岩较为相似,表明阶段Ⅰ方解石中的REE主要来源于结晶灰岩,而后生物碎屑灰岩对阶段Ⅱ方解石中的稀土贡献较大。以上数据及其矿床地质特征均显示该矿床为MVT型铅锌矿床,结合区域构造演化,认为勐兴矿床的形成与中特提斯洋闭合后腾冲地块与保山地块陆陆碰撞挤压密切相关。  相似文献   

滇西盈江地区新泡山离子吸附型稀土矿床成矿条件及找矿前景     

陈曹军 《地质与勘探》2021,57(4):751-761

滇西盈江地区是近年来离子吸附型稀土矿床找矿突破较大的地区,典型代表为腾冲岩浆弧内新发现的新泡山稀土矿床,为一中型离子吸附型稀土矿床,是滇西高海拔地区新发现的典型矿床。新泡山稀土矿床的发现对今后高海拔地区的找矿工作具有重要的示范意义。通过对新泡山稀土矿床的地质特征、风化壳结构特征、矿体垂向变化特征进行研究,认为新泡山稀土矿床类型为富钕轻稀土离子吸附型稀土矿床,并伴生有重稀土钇。滇西盈江地区与花岗岩有关的离子吸附型稀土矿主要受控于母岩稀土元素丰度、气候以及地形地貌。"沟-谷-盆"地貌两侧及周缘低缓山丘和平缓山坡、山脊是有利的成矿部位。结合区域找矿成果,认为研究区稀土矿找矿潜力较大,可达超大型远景规模,在后续的找矿工作中应加强对重稀土元素钇的评价。  相似文献   

一种稀土参数图解新方法:以内蒙古拜仁达坝-维拉斯托闪长岩成因研究为例     

赵保具  颜开  肖荣阁 《现代地质》2021,35(3):608-624

稀土元素的示踪作用在地质学、地球化学研究中具有重要意义,稀土参数图解可以揭示岩石的形成机理、条件和成因分类,追踪各种复杂地质作用的演化历史。利用稀土元素参数REE与SiO₂、REE与LREE/HREE、δEu与LREE/HREE图解,在内蒙古拜仁达坝-维拉斯托铅锌银多金属矿区从偏基性端元向偏酸性端元演化的闪长岩类野外岩相学观察和室内测试的基础上,发现其全岩稀土参数之间的相关关系,进而结合岩石地球化学数据、稀土参数图解新方法与微量元素聚类分析,判别其闪长岩的成因和岩浆源区。结果显示,拜仁达坝赋矿的闪长岩具有高硅、富钠及较高MgO和Al₂O₃含量的特征,属钙碱性系列,显示地幔岩浆分异与下地壳熔融岩浆混合的特点;拜仁达坝-维拉斯托闪长岩LREE/HREE-REE和δEu-LREE/HREE曲线显示,稀土高值组端元分别呈负相关和正相关关系,负Eu异常明显,相对富集Rb、Th、U、K等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Sr、P、Ti等高场强元素,而稀土低值组端元反之。上述特征表明, 拜仁达坝-维拉斯托闪长岩为一套活动大陆边缘幔源为主、壳幔混合成因的钙碱性岩浆岩系列。实例研究初步证实,提出的稀土参数图解新方法是有效的,具有较强的普适性,适合在常规的地质科研中完善并推广。  相似文献   

新疆青河县库布苏破碎蚀变岩型金矿元素迁移特征与规律研究     

郑海平 《地质与勘探》2015,51(2):332-344

本文以新疆库布苏金矿北矿带为研究对象,讨论了库布苏金矿床北矿带元素活动特征,成矿及伴生元素、主量元素、微量元素、稀土元素的质量迁移规律;根据稀土元素的质量迁移、地球化学特征,初步探讨了成矿流体的环境条件和来源问题;并依据元素迁移地球化学图研究了库布苏北矿带105勘探线剖面的元素质量迁移程度和范围。研究结果表明,赋矿闪长玢岩脉及围岩的元素发生明显的带入带出作用,元素迁移活动规律明显,成矿阶段发生明显带入有Au、As、Bi、Ag、Sb、K2O、Si O2,说明引起闪长玢岩脉和接触带围岩蚀变的流体中富含Au、As、K2O、Si O2等,导致这些带入元素向矿体迁移富集;发生明显带出的有Ba、Sr、Cu、Mg O、Na2O、Fe2O3、Ca O,说明Ba、Sr、Mg O、Na2O等受热液蚀变作用随流体迁出。矿区岩脉的稀土元素质量变化显著,发生明显的带入带出,岩脉交代蚀变前后的轻重稀土分馏均明显,蚀变后的岩脉轻重稀土分馏程度有减小趋势。赋矿闪长玢岩脉稀土元素配分曲线右倾,轻稀土富集,轻重稀土分馏明显,Eu强烈负异常,Ce弱负异常,说明库布苏金矿成矿流体条件应为较高温度和还原环境。从围岩与脉岩中元素的迁移程度和迁移范围可见,带入的成矿指示元素有As、W、Sb、Bi,带出的成矿指示元素有Mg、Na。  相似文献   

长江口东南泥质区百年来稀土元素的组成及控制因素     

冯旭文  石学法  黄永祥  许冬  章伟艳  张富元 《地球化学》2011,(5):464-472

在210pb定年的基础上,分析了长江口外东南泥质区柱样沉积物稀土元素含量、特征参数分布特征及其与粒径、常量元素等的相关性,探讨了150 a以来稀土元素的来源、制约因素及对沉积环境的响应.结果表明,柱样稀土元素总量(ΣREE)变化范围不大,分布范围为158.38～197.87 μg/g,平均值为183.49μg/g,总体...  相似文献   

Patterns of rare earth and other trace elements in different size fractions of clays of Campanian–Maastrichtian deposits from the Portuguese western margin (Aveiro and Taveiro Formations)     

Rosa Marques  M. Isabel Prudêncio  M. Isabel Dias  Fernando Rocha 《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2011,71(4):337-347

The Upper Cretaceous (Campanian–Maastrichtian) Taveiro and Aveiro Formations belong to the northern sector of the Lusitanian basin (Portuguese western margin). The Taveiro Formation was deposited in alluvial fans, including mud flow beds, lakes and sinuous rivers. The Aveiro Formation was deposited in a flat region with low hydrodynamics channels, with the formation of a barrier island-tidal system. The reconstruction of this sedimentary basin may be difficult due to its complex architecture. This work aims a methodology to be used in the reconstruction of Cretaceous sedimentary environments of the Lusitanian basin, through the establishment of geochemical patterns of different size fractions of those deposits. Chemical analysis was performed by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), and the mineralogical composition obtained by X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The whole rock and different size fractions (? ≥ 125 μm, 63–125 μm, 20–63 μm, 2–20 μm and ? < 2 μm) of selected samples were studied aiming the rare earth elements (REE) and other trace elements distribution and its correlation with the grain size and mineralogy.The results obtained for the studied Cretaceous sediments showed that REE patterns and other trace elements distribution in the different size fractions may be used as a tool to differentiate deposits within and between sedimentary formations. Within the Taveiro Formation, REE are concentrated in the silt fractions (20–63 μm and 2–20 μm) of the Reveles deposit, and in the clay size fraction of S. Pedro deposit, which is richer in kaolinite. The 1st transition elements, particularly Zn, are correlated with the presence of smectite in the clay fraction of Reveles deposit. In the sand and silt size fractions (>2 μm) of samples from Taveiro Formation correlations were found between: Ga and 1st transition elements, and phyllosilicates; Cs and mica; and Rb and Ba, and K–feldspars.The Bustos deposit (Aveiro Formation) samples are very fine-grained and with a high proportion of the fine silt fraction where REE are concentrated, especially the heavy ones. Incorporation of MREE, Co and U in carbonates of the coarser fraction appears to occur. The abundances of the 1st transition elements, Ga and As, are correlated with phyllosilicates.Significant differences were found in the trace elements patterns of the various analysed size fractions of the Lusitanian basin of Cretaceous sediments, between and even within formations, which can be used as a methodological approach for a fine paleogeographic reconstruction.  相似文献