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山东荣成市成山头南侧发育了一条沙坝和一系列的湖 ,组成成山卫湖链 ,以面积最大的天鹅湖有关资料为主 ,运用粒度分析、软体动物鉴定、14 C测年等方法 ,对So5 ,Sh5 ,Sh1和Sh6孔岩心进行分析 ,揭示了该湖链的形成过程 :距今 70 0 0a左右 ,海水开始入侵 ,形成了荣成湾 ,距今 6 0 0 0a左右 ,沙坝和坝内的一系列半封闭湖形成 .根据沙坝层理的观测资料分析了湖形成后自然作用下的演化动态 ,并指出近年来由于人类活动加剧 ,严重影响了湖的演化过程 相似文献
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An integrated mass balance and modelling approach for analysis of estuarine nutrient fluxes is demonstrated in the Swan River Estuary, a microtidal system with strong hydrological dependence on seasonal river inflows. Mass balance components included estimation of gauged and ungauged inputs to the estuary and losses to the ocean (outflow and tidal exchange). Modelling components included estimation of atmospheric (N fixation, denitrification) and sediment–water column nutrient exchanges. Gross and net denitrification derived using two independent methods were significantly correlated (r2 = 0.49, p < 0.01) with net rates averaging 40% of gross. Annual nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loads from major tributaries were linearly correlated with annual freshwater discharge and were 3-fold higher in wet years than in dry years. Urban drains and groundwater contributed, on average, 26% of N inputs and 19% of P inputs, with higher relative contributions in years of low river discharge. Overall, ungauged inputs accounted for almost 35% of total nitrogen loads. For N, elevated loading in wet years was accompanied by large increases in outflow (7x) and tidal flushing (2x) losses and resulted in overall lower retention efficiency (31%) relative to dry years (70%). For P, tidal flushing losses were similar in wet and dry years, while outflow losses (4-fold higher) were comparable in magnitude to increases in loading. As a result, P retention within the estuary was not substantially affected by inter-annual variation in water and P loading (ca. 50% in all years). Sediment nutrient stores increased in most years (remineralisation efficiency ca. 50%), but sediment nutrient releases were significant and in some circumstances were a net source of nutrients to the water column. 相似文献
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山东荣成天鹅湖是一个典型的潟湖-沙坝系统。自20世纪80年代以来, 因受人类活动的影响, 天鹅湖环境系统发生了改变, 沙坝侵蚀后退严重。研究水下岸坡的冲淤对于认识潟湖-沙坝系统演变, 以及保护天鹅湖环境具有重要意义。本文以天鹅湖东侧沙坝水下岸坡为研究区域, 基于1960年至2014年的海图资料, 采用地理信息技术, 获得了天鹅湖东侧近岸海域多年水深数据, 进而分析了1960年以来天鹅湖东侧沙坝地区的等深线变化、冲淤变化以及固定剖面的地形变化。结果表明: 1960—1980年等深线整体向海推移, 而1980—2014年等深线向海推移趋势变缓, 1960—2014年潮汐通道口门处0m等深线向岸退缩了126.70m。天鹅湖水下岸坡在1960—1980年整体处于淤积的状态, 年淤积率为3.60cm∙a-1; 1980—2014年侵蚀面积显著增大, 且呈现冲淤相间分布的特点, 年淤积率为0.79cm·a-1。天鹅湖沙坝水下岸坡呈现上陡下缓的形态, 且潮汐通道口门北侧比南侧更易受到侵蚀。人类活动改变了天鹅湖的环境状态, 导致了天鹅湖水下岸坡的局部侵蚀后退。 相似文献
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为对大天鹅(Cygnus cygnus)保护及湖区管理提供基础数据,作者于2011年11月~2012年3月研究了山东荣成天鹅湖越冬大天鹅食物来源及其粪便的重金属水平。结果表明:所选择的食物来源中,Zn、As和Cr在硬毛藻(Chaetomorpha linum)中含量最高,Cd在大叶藻(Zostera marina L.)叶片中含量最高,Pb在大叶藻根茎中含量最高,Cu在石莼(Ulva pertusa)中含量最高,Hg在小麦(Triticum aestivum)中含量最高;水生植物来源的粪便中Cd含量极显著高于陆地植物来源的粪便,陆地植物来源的粪便中Cr,Pb和Hg含量显著高于水生植物来源的粪便;摄食小麦苗可能造成大天鹅对Cd和Hg的积累。 相似文献
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Subaerial unconformities are used widely for palaeoenvironmental and palaeogeographic reconstructions, sequence stratigraphy and petroleum reservoir assessments. Recognition and interpretation of these unconformities, particularly those with associated palaeosols, may be problematic in Lower and Middle Palaeozoic carbonate successions because of the collective effect of limited land plant development, superficial similarities between some pedogenic and marine features, and overprinting by later diagenesis. The isolated Judy Creek reef complex in the Lower Frasnian Swan Hills Formation in west‐central Alberta, Canada, contains two subaerial unconformities, R0.5 and R4, which formed as a consequence of relative sea‐level falls of at least regional scale. Deposits beneath these unconformities have distinctive palaeosol and palaeokarst features. The lower unconformity, R0.5, occurs at the top of a progradational reefal phase of stromatoporoid rudstones–floatstones and peloidal packstones–grainstones and has been recognized in at least one other isolated Swan Hills reef complex (Snipe Lake). Palaeosol–palaeokarst profiles beneath this unconformity extend as deep as ca 2 m below the unconformity. These profiles are characterized by the presence of small rhizoliths, laminar calcretes, ferroan dolomite glaebules, desiccation cracks, breccias, green shale and solution vugs. The upper unconformity, R4, occurs at the top of a backstepping phase of reef growth and has been correlated widely between isolated reefs and carbonate banks on both the western and eastern shelves of the Central Alberta Basin. Palaeosol–palaeokarst profiles, extending as deep as ca 9·5 m beneath the R4 unconformity, are distinguished by abundant, sub‐horizontal desiccation cracks filled with green shale, occurring in peloidal wackestones–packstones. Comparison of the R0.5 and R4 profiles indicates that the major intrinsic controls on the development and modification of the profiles are parent‐material lithology, particularly the prior degree of induration and particle size; the low topographic relief at the top of the reef interior; and limited vegetation of the exposed reef top due to unfavourable growth conditions and geographic isolation. In addition to climate, the major extrinsic controls are the extent of relative sea‐level fall, estimated to be 2·5 to 3 m and 13 to 14 m associated with the R0.5 and R4 unconformities, respectively, and the degree of shoreface erosion during the ensuing marine transgression, estimated to be up to 3 m. This study highlights the complex interplay of mainly physical and chemical processes influencing the formation of subaerial unconformities in carbonate environments during the Devonian, before major evolutionary innovations among vascular land plants led to more intense pedogenesis. 相似文献
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利用MICAPS3.0常规天气图、中尺度WRF模式﹑海南岛自动站资料对第0907号热带风暴"天鹅"异常路径及造成海南省北部﹑西部地区特大暴雨降水过程的原因进行分析,分析表明,造成0907号热带风暴"天鹅"的移动路径复杂变化和"莫拉克"的云系影响有关,两个热带气旋在一定距离内产生"双台风"效应;此次特大暴雨降水过程是由于中低空海南岛北部及西部有偏北气流与西到西南气流强辐合,西南气流把孟加拉湾东移来的水汽,聚积于海南省北部﹑西部地区,增强了水汽辐合;涡度场反映对流云团云顶高度深厚有利于强降水云团的发展及维持。另外,海南岛地形抬升作用使得西部地区降水明显增幅。 相似文献
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The characteristics of the nematode faunas in subtidal sediments of a large microtidal estuary and nearshore coastal waters differ markedly 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
M. Hourston I.C. PotterR.M. Warwick F.J. Valesini 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011,94(1):68-76
The present study examines traditional paradigms regarding the differences between faunas in estuaries vs coastal waters. The ecological characteristics of the free-living nematode faunas of nearshore, subtidal sediments in downstream and upstream areas of the large, microtidal Swan River Estuary are compared with those similarly recorded seasonally in subtidal sediments along an adjacent part of the coast of temperate south-western Australia. Overall, the nematode species richness recorded in the upstream (38) and downstream estuarine areas (58) and from throughout the estuary (61) were substantially less than in marine waters (75). In addition, the value for Simpson’s diversity index was marginally less in the estuary and the dominance of the most abundant species greater. In contrast, the mean nematode species richness and diversity in individual cores followed the reverse trend, reflecting a combination of less variability among the species compositions and far greater densities in the cores from estuarine sediments. Furthermore, the mean density (numbers 10 cm−2) was far higher in both upstream (341) and downstream (903) areas of the estuary than in marine waters (87). Although the compositions of the assemblages in upstream and downstream estuarine areas differed markedly from each other at the species, genus and family levels, these differences were less pronounced than those between either of these areas and marine waters. The trophic compositions at the moderately sheltered and fully exposed marine sites differed from that in both areas of the estuary, whereas that at the most sheltered marine site was similar to that in the downstream estuarine area, with both containing substantial proportions of epistrate-grazing species. The variations among the species richness, diversity, densities and taxonomic and trophic compositions of nematode assemblages in the sediments of the two estuarine areas and nearby marine waters appear to reflect differences in 1) salinity regimes, 2) extents of exposure to wave action and its related effects and 3) amounts and types of food available to nematodes. 相似文献
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小型腹足类生物在我国种类繁多,但其相关研究在国内基本属于空白.本文对荣成天鹅湖大叶藻间的2种小型腹足类生物进行了形态学及分子生物学(16S和28S rRNA基因片段)研究.结果表明,根据形态学所鉴定的短剑螺属未定种Machaeroplax sp.,应为畦螺属未定种Lirularia sp.;分子生物学研究结果支持形态学对刺绣翼螺Alaba picta的鉴定.同时,与A.picta有一定形态学差异的其它4种相近形态的小型腹足类,在基因序列及遗传距离上与刺绣翼螺非常接近,亦应为刺绣翼螺Alaba picta. 相似文献