Efficacy of Aspergillus fumigatus MCC 1175 for Bioremediation of Tannery Wastewater     

Prachi Chaudhary  Vikas Beniwal  Rupinder Kaur  Ravinder Kumar  Anil Kumar  Vinod Chhokar 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2019,47(6)

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生物膜“细菌-藻类”协同系统改良淡水池塘养殖水质与沉积物的效果研究     

江兴龙  邓来富 《海洋与湖沼》2015,46(3):603-610

采用池塘中设置生物膜净水栅对比实验的方法,在8口土池开展生物膜"细菌-藻类"协同系统改良池塘养殖水质与沉积物的效果、对苗种培育效果的影响及其相关机理等的研究。结果表明,在142d的养殖期间,处理组比对照组节水减排达65.1%,具有极显著差异(P0.01);处理组水质的p H、总氮和亚硝酸盐氮分别极显著低于对照组3.7%、31.3%和38.7%(P0.01),氨氮、总磷、活性磷和硫化物分别显著低于对照组25.6%、41.6%、37.8%和27.9%(P0.05);弧菌数和藻类密度极显著低于对照组63.1%和51.3%,硅藻相对密度极显著高于对照组93.7%;细菌总数显著高于对照组50.8%,蓝藻相对密度显著低于对照组16.6%;处理组的藻类生物均匀度指数显著高于对照组8.9%;生物膜上的细菌总数高达1.30×109 CFU/g,而弧菌数为零;处理组池塘沉积物的氧化还原电位显著高于对照组30.5%,硫化物浓度显著低于对照组47.0%;草鱼苗种起捕规格、成活率、产量和生长速度分别显著高于对照组24.6%、4.3%、29.8%和28.6%,饲料系数极显著低于对照组15.6%,处理组每公顷池塘培育草鱼大规格鱼种可增加净利润约1.92万元。  相似文献   

Screening and In Situ Monitoring of Potential Petroleum Hydrocarbon Degraders in Contaminated Surface Water     

《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2017,45(1)

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海洋石油污染及其生物修复   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘金雷  夏文香  赵亮  马庆奎 《海洋湖沼通报》2006,(3):48-53

文章根据海洋油污染的现状,介绍了海洋石油污染的来源、危害、转归以及对污染的生物修复等内容。指出了限制微生物降解的因素以及如何提高降解效率的措施。生物修复对环境和人类影响小,修复速度快且费用较低,在海洋油污染治理中该方法具有广阔应用前景。  相似文献   

富营养化滩涂生物修复研究进展     

沈辉  万夕和  何培民 《海洋科学》2016,40(10):160-169

近年来,随着海水富营养化加剧,滩涂沉积物多项重要理化参数也随之恶化,进而导致滩涂底质生境退化,表现出较为明显的富营养化趋势。为改善和恢复滩涂沉积物的生态环境,国内外学者进行了较多的生物境修复探索研究工作。作者概述了滩涂富营养化的现状及原因,各种滩涂生物修复技术的原理、特点及其修复效果,分析了各类生境修复技术的优缺点。同时,就滩涂生境修复技术在滩涂修复和海洋环境保护领域今后的研究重点进行了展望。  相似文献   

Overview of In - Situ Biodegradation and Enhancement     

DONG Jun  Anthony Adzomani  Zhao Yongsheng 《世界地质(英文版)》2002,5(1)

Microbial degradation technologies have been developed to restore ground water quality in aquifers polluted by organic contaminants effectively in recent years. However, in course of the degradation, the formation of biofilms in ground water remediation technology can be detrimental to the effectiveness of a ground water remediation project. Several alternatives are available to a remedial design engineer, such as Permeable Reactive Barriers (PRBs) and in -situ bioremediation, Hydrogen Releasing Compounds (HRCs) barrier, Oxygen Releasing Compounds (ORCs) barrier etc. which are efficient and cost- effective technologies. Excessive biomass formation renders a barrier ineffective in degrading the contaminants, Efforts are made to develop kinetics models which accurately determine bio - fouling and bio - filn formation and to control excessive biomass formation.  相似文献   

Study on Kailyard soil amendment by adding compost of sludge     

Shaoqi ZHOU Weidong LU 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):252-253

Mixture of municipal sewage sludge and organic garbage, which was alternatively treated by aerobic and anaerobic composting technologies for 60 days. The characteristics of the compost are as follows： the total nitrogen （TN）, total phosphors （TP） and total potassium （TK） are 1.40%, 0.101% and 1908.32 mg/kg on dry weight basis, the contents of Cu, Ni, Cd, Cr, Pb and Zn are 131.23, 21.49, 1.31, 35.49, 72.50 and 616.76 mg/kg on dry weight basis. A basin-scale experiment was carded out by planting watercress with kailyard soil fertilizing with the compost, the results showed that the municipal sewage sludge and organic garbage compost could promote the production of watercress to different degrees, the crop biomass increased from 74.46% to 312.00% with the amount of compost fertilizing on the kaliyard soil while the amount of compost fertilizing on the kaliyard soil below 150 g per 3.75 kg kaliyard soil and decreased from 312.00% to 102.29% while the amount of compost fertilizing on it over 150 g per 3.75 kg kaliyard soil, so the optimal addition of compost in the watercress and soil was 150 g compost per 3.75 kg kailyard soil. Furthermore,  相似文献   

In situ bioremediation of 1,2-dichloroethane under anaerobic conditions     

Mark Dyer  Erwin van Heiningen  Jan Gerritse 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2000,18(4):313-334

Historic spillages of chlorinated hydrocarbons at a vinyl chloride plant in the Rotterdam–Botlek area in The Netherlands has lead to deep-seated pollution of the underlying aquifer. The principal pollutant is 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCA). As a temporary measure, the contamination is being contained using a pump and treat system. In the long term, in-situ bioremediation has been proposed using a biologically active zone where pollutants would be dechlorinated by microorganisms that simultaneously degrade other carbon sources. In order to investigate the suitability of this new technology, a programme of laboratory tests was carried out. The laboratory programme involved a series of anaerobic soil column tests, where the selection and delivery of different carbon substrates that stimulated 1,2-DCA dechlorination were investigated. The soil columns were prepared using soil and groundwater samples from boreholes. Groundwater was flushed through the columns under anaerobic conditions. A comparison was made between the transformation of 1,2-DCA without a carbon substrate and in the presence of sugars (molasses) and alcohol (methanol) respectively. In addition, different modes of delivery were investigated. In the case of molasses, the material was injected into the column as a plug to simulate grout injection in the field, whereas methanol was delivered as a constant flow dissolved in the influent. Both carbon substrates resulted in the biotransformation of 1,2-DCA. However, fermentation of molasses produced secondary effects that led to a drop in pH and an excessive production of carbon dioxide, which temporarily blocked the flow of groundwater.  相似文献   

Microbial populations in contaminant plumes   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

Sheridan K. Haack  Barbara A. Bekins 《Hydrogeology Journal》2000,8(1):63-76

Received, May 1999/Revised, October 1999/Accepted, October 1999  相似文献   

Gladstone, Australia Field Studies: Weathering and Degradation of Hydrocarbons in Oiled Mangrove and Salt Marsh Sediments With and Without the Application of an Experimental Bioremediation Protocol     

K.A Burns  S Codi  N.C Duke 《Marine pollution bulletin》2000,41(7-12):392-402

This field study was a combined chemical and biological investigation of the relative rates of weathering and biodegradation of oil spilled in sediments and testing the influence of a bioremediation protocol. The aim of the chemistry work presented here was to determine whether the bioremediation protocol affected the rate of penetration, dissipation or long-term retention of a medium range crude oil (Gippsland) and a Bunker C oil stranded in tropical Rhizophora sp. mangrove and Halosarcia sp. salt marsh environments. Permission for the planned oil spills was granted in the Port Authority area of Gladstone, Queensland (Australia). Sediment cores from three replicate plots of each treatment for mangroves and four replicate plots for the salt marsh (oil only and oil plus bioremediation) were analysed for total hydrocarbons (THC) and for individual alkane markers using gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC–FID). Sediments were collected at day 2, then 1, 2, 5 or 6 and 12 or 13 months post-spill for mangroves and day 2, 1, 3 and 9 months post-spill for salt marshes. Over this time, hydrocarbons in all of the oil treated plots decreased exponentially. There was no statistical difference in initial oil concentrations, penetration of oil to depth, or in the rates of oil dissipation between untreated oil and bioremediated oil in the mangrove plots. The salt marsh plots treated with the waxy Gippsland oil showed a faster rate of biodegradation of the oil in the bioremediated plots. In this case only, the degradation rate significantly impacted the mass balance of remaining oil. The Bunker C oil contained only minor amounts of highly degradable n-alkanes and bioremediation did not significantly impact its rate of loss in the salt marsh sediments. At the end of each experiment, there were still n-alkanes visible in the gas chromatograms of residual oils. Thus it was concluded that there was unlikely to be any change in the stable internal biomarkers of the oils over this time period. The predominant removal processes in both habitats were evaporation and dissolution, with a lag-phase of 1–2 months before the start of microbial degradation.  相似文献