| 中国南方的红土与红色风化壳 |
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| 引用本文： | 朱显谟.中国南方的红土与红色风化壳[J].第四纪研究,1993,13(1):75-84. |
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| 作者姓名： | 朱显谟 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院水利部西北水土保持研究所 |
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| 摘 要： | 中国南方广泛分布的发育在红土和红色风化壳上的红壤和砖红壤的特征主要是古环境长期作用的结果,与现代土壤发生过程关系不大,因为现代生物-气候条件并不适于红壤化过程的进行。第四纪以来红壤和砖红壤在不同时期所获得的地球化学特征(高三氧化二物和低硅)都是由红土和红色风化壳继承而来。红土和红色风化壳约在第四纪前干热与温湿不断交替的气温条件下形成,第三纪以来华南气候逐渐凉爽,富铝化作用也逐渐变弱,都可从第三纪以来所形成的不同红壤和砖红壤中获得启示。何况当前生物富硅化作用又很明显。
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| 关 键 词： | 红土 红色风化壳 红壤 砖红壤 |
RED CLAY AND RED RESIDUUM IN SOUTH CHINA |
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| Institution: | Northwest Institute of Water and Soil Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Conservancy |
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| Abstract: | In South China red earths and laterites derived from pre-existing red clay deposits and red palaeoweathering crusts are widely distributed and their character is due primarily to their provenance rather than modern pedogenic processes. The modern bioclimatic conditions in South China are not suitable to form laterites. The red earths and laterites were formed at various periods throughout the Quaternary and their geochemical characters （high Fe2O3 and Al2O3, and low SiO2） were inherited from the red clays and weathering crusts. The red clay and weathering crusts are pre-Quaternary and were formed under alternating arid-hot and cool-humid climates. The climate of South China became cooler during the Neogene and although enrichment of Al2O3 and depletion of SiO2 are occurring presently in soils of the region, the process has been gradually weakening throughout the Neogene as the data from various red soils and laterites formed through the Neogene demonstrate. |
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