Chemistry and metal contents of magmatic gases: the new Tolbachik volcanoes case (Kamchatka) |
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| Authors: | I A Menyailov L P Nikitina |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Volcanology, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, USSR
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| Abstract: | The gaseous products of new Tolbachik volcanoes were studied during 1975 to 1977 throughout all eruptive stages and during the post eruptive activity. In investigations the northern break-out gases emitted during the eruption from the moving and consolidated lava flows there have been detected H2O (the main component), H2, HF, HCl, SO2 and H2S, CO2, CO, NH3, CH4 and other hydrocarbons, NH4Cl predominated in compositions of condensates and subtimates on lava flows and the most characteristic microcomponents were Zn, Cu, Pb, Sn, Ag and others. Sampling of gases and condensates at the southern break-out was conducted immediately from the flowing melt. In gases there have been detected H2O (98 mol. %). HCl and H2 (0.9 mol. % each) as well as HF, SO2, H2S, CO2 and in small quantities O2 and N2, Gases reached the equilibrium state atT andP sampling and were characteristic of gas composition of the southern break-out magma. HCl, HF and H2SO4 were predominant during condensate and sublimate mineralization. The major raicrocomponents were represented by Pt, Sb, As, Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni, Co and others. Comparison of compositions of gases and of products of their reactions at the northern and at the southern break-outs allows us to assume the presence of the deeper magma source at the northern break-out and of shallow magma source at the southern break-out. |
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