Climate change and groundwater resources in China |
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| Authors: | BAI Bing CHENG Yan-pei JIANG Zhong-cheng ZHANG Cheng |
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| Institution: | 1 Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS, Guilin 541004, China. 2 Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Shijiazhuang 050061, China. 3 Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Land and Resources, Guilin 541004, China. 4 International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin 541004, China. |
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| Abstract: | Water resources play an important role in supporting the economic and social development of China. The impact of climate change on water resources has become a bottleneck in this process, especially for major projects, with surface water and groundwater systems experiencing considerable impacts. The annual natural recharge of fresh groundwater is 8 840×108 m3, which accounts for approximately 31% of the water resources. Groundwater is the most significant water source for many cities and energy bases, and it is also the main source acting as a buffer against extreme climate events caused by climate change. However, most of the groundwater in China buried deeply and unevenly, which increases the difficulty of investigating and exploiting this resource.This paper illustrates the general conditions of China water resources and hydrogeological hazards, such as karst sinkholes, surface subsidence, and soil salinization, caused by climate change, El Nino, La Nina, other climate events and human activities and presents the regulatory measures enacted to mitigate these issues in China.The China Geological Survey (CGS) has organized professional teams to investigate and evaluate groundwater resources and the environment since 1999. Based on these investigations, the total quantity, expected exploitable quantity and current exploited quantity of groundwater in whole China have been evaluated. In addition, an evaluation of the groundwater pollution caused by climate change throughout China and key areas has been conducted. At present, the CGS is conducting national groundwater monitoring projects and establishing regional engineering and technical measures for water resource exploitation and utilization. |
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| Keywords: | Groundwater Water resource Climate change Hydrogeological hazard Technical measure China |
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