|
|||||
|
|
| 农田休闲期不同保护性耕作措施的防风效应研究 | |
| 引用本文： | 刘目兴,刘连友,王静爱,严平,杨秀春,祁兴芬,宋阳,胡霞.农田休闲期不同保护性耕作措施的防风效应研究[J].中国沙漠,2007,27(1):46-51. |
| 作者姓名： | 刘目兴 刘连友 王静爱 严平 杨秀春 祁兴芬 宋阳 胡霞 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 北京师范大学环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室,北京,100875;北京师范大学资源学院,北京,100875;北京师范大学中国沙漠研究中心,北京,100875 2. 北京师范大学环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室,北京,100875;北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院,北京,100875 3. 德州学院地理系,山东,德州,253023 |
| 基金项目： | 国家科技攻关项目;国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划);北京市自然科学基金 |
| 摘 要： | 保护性耕作是旱作农田土壤风蚀防治的必要措施\.通过野外试验,对深松、浅耕、翻耕覆盖、免耕油菜低茬和高茬、免耕小麦低茬和高茬等7种保护性耕作措施和传统翻耕、草地两种对照下0～4 m的风流场进行了观测,对各种下垫面上空气动力学粗糙度、摩阻速度、风速绝对脉动强度和相对脉动强度进行对比分析。结果显示,不同保护性耕作措施降低风的侵蚀力,防治土壤风蚀的机制不同。留茬主要通过增加地表空气动力学粗糙度和摩阻速度,利用作物残茬和秸秆等粗糙元分解风对地表的剪切应力,降低风蚀强度。而深松、浅耕、翻耕覆盖等措施在增加地表粗糙度和摩阻速度上效果不如留茬,但近地表0\^05 m处风速脉动较弱,相同风速下对地表的剪切应力较小,土壤风蚀速率降低。此外,作物残茬、秸秆和牧草等粗糙元的高度、密度及直立性均对下垫面的空气动力学粗糙度、摩阻速度及风速脉动有一定影响。 |
| 关 键 词： | 保护性耕作 空气动力学粗糙度 风速脉动 土壤风蚀 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-694X（2007）01-0046-06 |
| 收稿时间： | 2005-09-08 |
| 修稿时间： | 2005-12-26 |
Wind-breaking Effect of Various Conservation Tillage Measures during Fallow Period of Cropland |
|
| LIU Mu-xing,LIU Lian-you,WANG Jing-ai,YAN Ping,YANG Xiu-chun,QI Xing-fen,SONG Yang,HU Xia.Wind-breaking Effect of Various Conservation Tillage Measures during Fallow Period of Cropland[J].Journal of Desert Research,2007,27(1):46-51. | |
| Authors: | LIU Mu-xing LIU Lian-you WANG Jing-ai YAN Ping YANG Xiu-chun QI Xing-fen SONG Yang HU Xia |
| Institution: | 1.Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; 2.College of Resources Science &; Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; 3.China Center for Desert Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; 4.College of Geography and Remote Sensing Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; 5.Department of Geography of Dezhou College, Dezhou 253023, Shandong, China |
| Abstract: | Conservation tillage is essential for soil wind erosion control in the semi-arid area, whereas more studies are needed on the mechanism of different conservation tillage measures to prevent wind erosion. Through field test, we observed wind profiles of 0 to 4 m under seven kinds of conservation tillage, i.e. subsoil tillage, shallow ploughing, stalk mulch after ploughing, no till with tall rape stubbles, no till with short rape stubbles, no till with tall wheat stubbles, no till with short wheat stubbles, and conventional tillage and pasture for comparison. Five items of aerodynamic roughness, friction velocity, and absolute and relative fluctuation intensity of wind velocity were analyzed comparatively on all the underlying surfaces. The results indicated that remnant stubble could reduce soil erosion by reducing near surface wind shear stress. In addition, the height, density and perpendicularity of remnant stubble, straws and grass had influence on aerodynamic roughness and wind velocity fluctuation on different underlying surfaces. |
| Keywords: | conservation tillage aerodynamic roughness wind velocity fluctuation soil wind erosion |
| 本文献已被 CNKI 维普 万方数据 等数据库收录！ | |
| 点击此处可从《中国沙漠》浏览原始摘要信息 | |
| 点击此处可从《中国沙漠》下载免费的PDF全文 | |