Detection of a new summit crater on Bezymianny Volcano lava dome: satellite and field-based thermal data |
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| Authors: | Adam J Carter Michael S Ramsey Alexander B Belousov |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Geology and Planetary Science, University of Pittsburgh, 200 SRCC Building, Pittsburgh, PA 15260-3332, USA;(2) Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics, Nauki str, 1, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Russia |
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| Abstract: | An explosive eruption occurred at the summit of Bezymianny volcano (Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia) on 11 January 2005 which
was initially detected from seismic observations by the Kamchatka Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT). This prompted the
acquisition of 17 Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) satellite images of the volcano over
the following 10 months. Visible and infrared data from ASTER revealed significant changes to the morphology of the summit
lava dome, later seen with field based thermal infrared (TIR) camera surveys in August 2005. The morphology of the summit
lava dome was observed to have changed from previous year’s observations and historical accounts. In August 2005 the dome
contained a new crater and two small lava lobes. Stepped scarps within the new summit crater suggest a partial collapse mechanism
of formation, rather than a purely explosive origin. Hot pyroclastic deposits were also observed to have pooled in the moat
between the current lava dome and the 1956 crater wall. The visual and thermal data revealed a complex eruption sequence of
explosion(s), viscous lava extrusion, and finally the formation of the collapse crater. Based on this sequence, the conduit
could have become blocked/pressurized, which could signify the start of a new behavioural phase for the volcano and lead to
the potential of larger eruptions in the future. |
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| Keywords: | Bezymianny Kamchatka Remote sensing ASTER FLIR |
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