| 雪峰隆起西缘湘张地1井牛蹄塘组页岩含气性特征及控制因素 |
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| 引用本文： | 苗凤彬,彭中勤,王传尚,岳勇,汪宗欣.雪峰隆起西缘湘张地1井牛蹄塘组页岩含气性特征及控制因素[J].地球科学,2019,44(11):3662-3677. |
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| 作者姓名： | 苗凤彬 彭中勤 王传尚 岳勇 汪宗欣 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国地质调查局武汉地质调查中心, 湖北武汉 430205 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国地质调查局项目DD20160179中国地质调查局项目DD20190109国家科技重大专项2016ZX05034001-002 |
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| 摘 要： | 雪峰隆起周缘是四川盆地外围页岩气勘探的重要区域，下寒武统牛蹄塘组为该区主要的页岩气层位，为深入研究页岩含气性特征，以隆起西缘湘张地1井钻井资料为基础，借助现场含气测试数据，对页岩纵向含气性进行精细描述，并以此探讨牛蹄塘组页岩气分布规律与控制因素.湘张地1井牛蹄塘组页岩气整体呈上低下高、局部富集的分布规律，受有机质含量、矿物组分、孔隙与裂缝、物性、滑脱构造等因素共同控制.下部页岩有机质和脆性矿物含量高、裂缝与孔隙较发育，气体吸附的比表面积主要由有机质孔隙提供，脆性矿物有利于孔缝的形成与保存，裂缝与孔隙的发育有效改善了储层物性，为游离气提供大量储集空间，配合存在的滑脱构造带，使下部总含气量较高，且以游离气为主，占比58%~82%，尤其底部滑脱带内吸附气含量极低，孔缝发育程度对总含气量的影响大于有机质含量，同时，孔缝分布的不均也导致气体在局部较为富集；上部页岩孔缝欠发育，有机质与脆性矿物含量均低于下部，整体含气性较差，吸附气占比略大，主要受有机质含量控制，可作为下部含气段直接有效的盖层.此外，下部页岩岩石力学脆性强、成岩作用晚、热演化程度高、抗压强度与主应力差低，具备较强的可压裂性，有利于后期改造.
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| 关 键 词： | 含气性 控制因素 牛蹄塘组 页岩气 湘张地1井 雪峰隆起 油气地质 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-09-08 |
Gas-Bearing Capacity and Controlling Factors of Niutitang Formation Shale in Well XZD-1, Western Margin of Xuefeng Uplift |
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| Abstract: | The Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation in Xuefeng uplift and its peripheral areas is one of major shale gas reservoirs. To explore the gas-bearing capacity of Niutitang Formation shale in this area, the vertical variations of gas-bearing capacity, distribution and controlling factors of shale gas in western margin of Xuefeng uplift were studied in detail, based on the drilling data of Well XZD-1 and the testing gas content data. The gas content of desorption in Well XZD-1 increases gradually with the increase of depth with locally high gas abundance. The gas-bearing property of Niutitang Formation shale was controlled by various factors such as organic carbon content, mineral composition, development characteristics of pore and fracture, physical property and the decollement structure. The lower shale of Niutitang Formation has high content of organic carbon and brittle minerals, well-developed natural fractures and pores. Organic matter provides the main adsorption specific surface area, the brittle minerals contribute to the formation and preservation of pores and fractures. The fracture and pore with the decollement structure have effectively improved reservoir physical property, provided a large amount of reservoir space for free gas and ensured a high gas content in the lower Niutitang Formation. And free gas is the main component, accounting for 58%-82%. In addition, the content of adsorbed gas in the bottom decollement belt is very low. The influence of pore and fracture development is greater than that of organic carbon content. And the distribution of pores and fractures result in the locally enriched gas. The pore and fracture of upper shale in Niutitang Formation are under developed, and the contents of organic matter and brittle minerals are lower. The shale gas content in the upper shale of Niutitang Formation is poor and the proportion of adsorbed gas in the total gas content is slightly larger, which is mainly controlled by organic carbon content. In addition, the lower shale of Niutitang Formation has strong fracturability, which is conducive to later fracturing transformation, because it is brittle in rock mechanics, with late diagenesis, high thermal maturity and low difference between compressive strength and principal stress. |
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