The Triassic conodonts of the NW Malayan Kodiang Limestone revisited: Taxonomy and paleogeographic significance |
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| Authors: | Keisuke Ishida Francis Hirsch |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, P.R. China;2. GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schlossgarten 5, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;3. School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;4. Department of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom;5. Geological Survey of Canada, 3303 33rd Street N.W., Calgary, Alberta, T2L 2A7, Canada;6. Department of Geoscience, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. N.W., Calgary Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada;7. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong;8. Wuhan Center of Geological Survey, Guanggu Road 69, Wuhan 430074, P.R. China;9. Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 26, 8010 Graz, Austria;1. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8555 Japan;2. Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada;3. Natural Resources Canada — Geological Survey of Canada, 605 Robson Street, Vancouver, BC V6B 5J3, Canada;4. Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan;5. Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan;6. Museum of Natural and Environmental History, Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8017, Japan;2. Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain;3. University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland;4. University of Naruto, Naruto, Japan;1. Department of Organismal Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18A, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden;2. Aleja Naj?wi?tszej Maryi Panny 20/20A, 42-200, Cz?stochowa, Poland;3. Institute of Paleobiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818, Warsaw, Poland;4. Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 16, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden |
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| Abstract: | The revision of the Middle and early Late Triassic conodonts in the Nogami (1968) collection from the NW Malaya Kodiang Limestone Formation provides clues to the multi-element reconstruction of Triassic Gondolellacea. Septi- to octomembrate multi-elements characterize the families Gondolellidae and Gladigondolellidae nov. fam. The distribution of cratognathodiform and ozarkodiniform P2 elements supports the hypothesis of sexual dimorphism in Gladigondolella rather than that of two genera. Pseudofurnishius murcianus confers a Southern Tethyan low latitude character to the Kodiang Limestone, a part of the Cimmerian string of terranes that in Triassic times formed a diagonal partition between the gradually closing Paleo-Tethys and the accordingly widening Neo-Tethys. Our findings suggest that such a realm stretched from the Southern Alps (Dinarids) in the West to Malaya (Shan Thai Terrane) in the East. Only the Eastern edge collided with Eurasia in the Late Triassic, forming the platform of Sundaland. Consequently, the Paleo-Tethys closure remained limited to SE Asia, while a substantial Paleo-Tethys still existed in Western direction, ending up in the Pindos and Vardar oceans. The Jurassic Neo-Tethys ocean extended south of the consolidated SE Asia block and Cimmerian string of terranes. |
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