Dead Sea influence on the chemical and mineralogical characteristics of the dry deposition fallen over the eastern highland of central Jordan |
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| Authors: | Tayel El-Hasan Kamal Momani Jafar Al-Nawayseh Khaled Al-Nawayseh |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Chemistry, Mu’tah University, 61710 Al-Karak, Jordan;(2) Arab Potash Company, P.O. Box 1470, Amman, Jordan |
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| Abstract: | The Dead Sea as a unique geological and geographical phenomenon has an effect on its adjacent areas. Therefore, 17 sampling
sites at the eastern highlands facing the Dead Sea; beside three blank sites were collectedlocated during summer (2005). The
aim was to investigate such influence on the chemical and mineralogical composition of dry deposition, and to measure the
settling rate. The investigations showed that the depositional rate at the studied sites was much lower than other areas at
central and southern Jordan. The average heavy metal contents are almost similar in all sampling sites and the blanks, and
they exhibit similar enrichment series, whereas, the meaningful difference between sampling sites and blank was in cation
and anion content, which caused different enrichment series between the two sites. The index of pollution (IP) confirms that
mainly cations and anions have IP > 1.0 and they dominate the southern and the closest sampling sites to the Dead Sea. The
XRD results reveals that the studied samples have minor phases such as halite, gypsum, and dolomite. Meanwhile, these mineral
phases are not found in blank samples. All these results indicates the influence of the Dead Sea, as it is a highly saline
large water mass, which accompanied with by high evaporation rates causing causes the atmosphere over the Sea to be enriched
with these cations, anions, elements and minerals, which eventually are adsorbed in air particulate or carried out as dry
deposition and transported by the NW–SE prevailing winds, and fall over the eastern highlands. |
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| Keywords: | Dead Sea Dry deposition Cations Anions Index of pollution |
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