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| 社会资本视角下历史文化名镇保护困境研究——基于苏州周庄、锦溪、黎里3镇调研 | |
| 引用本文： | 王勇,熊惠,李广斌.社会资本视角下历史文化名镇保护困境研究——基于苏州周庄、锦溪、黎里3镇调研[J].地理科学,2021,41(7):1219-1226. |
| 作者姓名： | 王勇 熊惠 李广斌 |
| 作者单位： | 1.苏州科技大学建筑与城市规划学院，江苏 苏州 215011 2.苏州科技大学地理与资源学系，江苏 苏州 215011 |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(51578352);国家自然科学基金项目(51778387);苏州科技大学科研创新计划项目(SKCX18_001) |
| 摘 要： | 引入社会资本理论，从网络、信任和规范3个维度，建构社会资本与名镇保护间的一个分析框架，剖析保护背后的社会资本困境及其内在根源。基于对苏州周庄等3个名镇的实证研究发现：① 社会资本主要通过其3个关键要素从组织基础、制度体系、精神动力对名镇保护沟通机制、约束机制与合作机制进行作用；② 当前名镇社会资本呈现网络弱化、信任缺失、规范不足现象，致使名镇保护中各多元主体协商遇冷、合作受限、行为失范；③ 提升社会资本、推动自下而上参与模式，是解决名镇保护的社会问题、走出保护困境的有效途径。 |
| 关 键 词： | 社会资本 历史文化名镇 保护困境 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-12-05 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020-03-26 |
The Predicament for Conservation of Historic and Cultural Towns from the Perspective of Social Capital:Case Studies of Zhouzhuang,Jinxi and Lili Towns in Suzhou City |
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| Wang Yong,Xiong Hui,Li Guangbin.The Predicament for Conservation of Historic and Cultural Towns from the Perspective of Social Capital:Case Studies of Zhouzhuang,Jinxi and Lili Towns in Suzhou City[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2021,41(7):1219-1226. | |
| Authors: | Wang Yong Xiong Hui Li Guangbin |
| Institution: | 1. School ofArchitecture and Urban Planning, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215011, Jiangsu, China 2. Institute of Geography and Resources, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215011, Jiangsu, China |
| Abstract: | Historic and cultural towns have both material and social attributes and are special resources with a certain nature of public goods. The conservation of historic and cultural towns is not only a material means, but also a process of social and economic activities which involved multiple stakeholders such as residents, developers, the government and outsiders. Therefore, the conservation of historic and cultural towns needs the common attention and participation of all sectors of society. The conservation of historic and cultural towns in Suzhou has been leading the Chinese historic town’s conservation for years. However, there are also many social problems while the physical space of the ancient towns has made remarkable achievements. For example, it is easy to ignore the interests and functions of the pluralistic social subjects when the government has always been in a dominant position, which makes it difficult for social forces to actively participate in the conservation actions of historic and cultural towns. The conservation of historic and cultural depends more on the vitality brought by people. So, it is not only the technical conservation of physical space, but also the overall conservation which includes the conservation of people living here and the conservation of the living state of ancient towns, so as to improve the sense of identity and participation of residents in the conservation of historic and cultural towns. Against this background, how to realize the comprehensive conservation and sustainable development of historic and cultural towns needs to pay attention to the traditional social relations just like the conservation of physical space. By introducing the concept of social capital from sociology, importance of social subject and their social capital in the conservation of historic and cultural towns is discussed in this article. Based on the three elements of trust, network and norms, an analytical framework was established to analyze the predicament of social capital and its inner source behind the conservation of historic and cultural towns. Based on the empirical study of Zhouzhuang, Jinxi and Lili towns in Suzhou City, conclusions are drawn as following: 1) Social capital mainly acts on the communication mechanism, restraint mechanism and cooperation mechanism of the conservation of historic and cultural towns through the relation network-organizational foundation, social trust-spiritual motivation, reciprocal norm-institutional system. 2) The social capital of historic and cultural towns faced difficulties such as network fracturing, lacking of norms and trust. That is manifested in the blocking of communication network from bottom to top, the break of social relationship network of residents, the conflicts and contradictions between public interests and private rights, the imperfection of formal norms and the decline of informal norms. As a result, the mobilization of historic and cultural towns conservation is weak, the communication between various stakeholders is insufficient, the behavior of historic and cultural towns is out of standard and restriction, the cooperation is difficult, resulting in the collective action dilemma of the stakeholders. 3) It is an effective way to get out of the predicament to enhance social capital and promote the bottom-up mode of participation aiming at the existing problems in the conservation of historic and cultural towns. |
| Keywords: | social capital historic and cultural towns predicament of conservation |
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