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| 中国残疾人扶贫效率的时空演变及优化路径 | |
| 引用本文： | 吴清,冯嘉晓,邵娜.中国残疾人扶贫效率的时空演变及优化路径[J].地理科学,2021,41(3):428-436. |
| 作者姓名： | 吴清 冯嘉晓 邵娜 |
| 作者单位： | 1.肇庆学院旅游与历史文化学院，广东 肇庆 526061 2.肇庆学院经济与管理学院，广东 肇庆 526061 3.澳门城市大学商学院，澳门 999078 |
| 基金项目： | 广东省残疾人事业理论与实践研究项目(2017156);广东省普通高校重点领域专项资助(2020ZDZX1010) |
| 摘 要： | 运用DEA模型、MI指数及GIS空间分析等方法，探究2012—2016年中国残疾人扶贫效率的时空演化特征与类型，分析残疾人扶贫模式及优化路径，结果显示：① 2012—2016年，全国残疾人扶贫效率整体处于中上等水平，残疾人扶贫高效率区由粤桂两地、环渤海区向东南沿海、京津冀地区以及中部省市转化，扶贫中等效率区分布形态由“小聚集”向“大分散”转变。② 产出变化率空间分布不均，大部分省市实现了脱贫人数较大增长，培训残疾人数变化分布明显，区域聚集性显著。项目贷款扶持贫困残疾人变化差异性大，东高西低，且中等水平数量较多；危房改造项目受益贫困残疾人变化的差异性较为平均，部分聚集性明显。③ 扶贫效率类型差异较大，青、赣、黑为潜力型，扶贫效率偏低，边际递减；闽、琼、宁、沪、蒙、滇、藏、贵、陕、豫、新为朝阳型，扶贫效率偏低，边际递增；湘、川、浙、皖、渝、鄂、甘、辽、吉、粤、京、津、冀为黄金型，扶贫效率较高，边际递增；苏、鲁、桂、晋为夕阳型，扶贫效率较高，边际递减。④ “造血式”扶贫与“输血式”扶贫对残疾人实际脱贫均有正向作用，其中“造血式”的扶贫方式与实际脱贫的密切度更高。 |
| 关 键 词： | 残疾人 扶贫效率 时空演化 扶贫模式 优化路径 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-11-23 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020-03-12 |
Spatial-temporal Evolution and Development Path of Poverty Alleviation Efficiency for the Disabled in China |
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| Wu Qing,Feng Jiaxiao,Shao Na.Spatial-temporal Evolution and Development Path of Poverty Alleviation Efficiency for the Disabled in China[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2021,41(3):428-436. | |
| Authors: | Wu Qing Feng Jiaxiao Shao Na |
| Institution: | 1. Department of Tourism, History and Culture, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, Guangdong, China 2. Department of Economic Management, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, Guangdong, China 3. Faculty of Business, City University of Macau, Macau 999078, China |
| Abstract: | Using DEA model, MI index, GIS spatial analysis and other methods, this article explores the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of poverty alleviation efficiency of the disabled in China in 2012 to 2016, analyzes the forms and optimization paths of poverty alleviation for the disabled, and it shows that: 1) Between 2012 and 2016, the high-efficiency poverty alleviation zones for the disabled were transformed from Guangdong and Guangxi, the Bohai rim region to southeast coastal region, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region as well as some areas that are in the middle of China, and the distribution pattern of the medium-efficiency poverty alleviation zones was transformed from ‘small clusters’ to ‘large dispersion’. 2) The spatial distribution of output change is uneven. Most provinces and cities have achieved a large increase in the number of people out of poverty, and the change in the distribution of the number of people with training disabilities as well as the regional clustering is significant. The number of poor disabled people supported by project loans varies greatly, high in the east and low in the west, and medium level accounts for most. The difference of the poor disabled people benefited from the renovation project of dilapidated houses is relatively average, and partial aggregation is obvious. 3) The forms and types of poverty alleviation efficiency are quite different. Qinghai, Jiangxi and Heilongjiang are potential type, with low poverty alleviation efficiency and diminishing marginal value. Fujian, Hainan, Ningxia, Shanghai, Mongolia, Yunnan, Tibet, Guizhou, Shanxi, Henan and Xinjiang belong to growing type, with low poverty alleviation efficiency and Increasing marginal value. Hunan, Sichuan, Zhejiang, Anhui, Chongqing, Hubei, Gansu, Liaoning, Jilin, Guangdong, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and other places are in the gold type, with high poverty alleviation efficiency and increasing marginal value; Jiangsu, Shandong, Guangxi and Shanxi are in the recession type, with high poverty alleviation efficiency and diminishing marginal value. 4) Both the type of ‘Self-created blood’ poverty alleviation and ‘external transfusion’ poverty alleviation have positive effects on the actual poverty alleviation and between them, the method of ‘Self-created blood’ poverty alleviation is more closely related to actual poverty alleviation. |
| Keywords: | disabled persons poverty alleviation efficiency spatial-temporal evolution poverty alleviation model optimization path |
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