| 分布式土壤侵蚀和泥沙输移非点源污染子模型及其应用研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 夏军,薛金凤.分布式土壤侵蚀和泥沙输移非点源污染子模型及其应用研究[J].资源与生态学报（英文版）,2010,1(3):237+231-236. |
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| 作者姓名： | 夏军 薛金凤 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室,北京,100101
2. 武汉大学动力与机械学院水质科学与技术系,武汉,430072 |
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| 基金项目： | National Key Water Project(No.2009ZX07210-006);The Knowledge Innovation Key Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Kzcx2-yw-126) |
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| 摘 要： | 官厅水库妫水地区土壤侵蚀较为严重。为控制妫水地区的土壤流失非点源污染,本文建立了一个参数较少、便于应用的分布式土壤侵蚀和泥沙输移子模型。该模型由USLE模型和泥沙输移模型组成。首先,本研究确定了USLE中各因子的计算公式,用该模型计算土壤流失。然后,将流域概化为河网,利用曾提出的应用于经Laplace变换和逆变换求得的一维水质迁移转化方程的解中的面积汇污系数和S曲线之间的关系,推导得到了分布式泥沙输移模型。最后,从妫水河流域土壤图、土地利用图中提取地理信息,以DEM为依据,研究了该模型在妫水河流域的应用。结果表明,该模型不仅可用于研究非点源泥沙污染,而且可用于研究流域内土壤侵蚀的空间分布,为实现农业最佳管理提供科学依据。妫水流域土壤流失主要来自坡度较大、地表植被覆盖差的丘陵和山地,控制土壤流失应该将重点放在该流域内的丘陵和山地上。
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| 关 键 词： | 非点源污染 分布式模型 GIS 官厅水库 妫水河 |
A Distributed Soil Erosion and Sediment Transport Sub-model in Non-point Source Pollution and Its Application in Guishui Watershed |
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| XIA Jun,XUE Jinfeng.A Distributed Soil Erosion and Sediment Transport Sub-model in Non-point Source Pollution and Its Application in Guishui Watershed[J].Journal of Resources and Ecology,2010,1(3):237+231-236. |
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| Authors: | XIA Jun XUE Jinfeng |
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| Institution: | XIA Jun1 and XUE Jinfeng(2*) 1 Key Laboratory of Water Cycle & Related Land Surface Processes,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China; 2 Department of Water Quality Engineering,College of Power and Mechanic Engineering,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China |
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| Abstract: | Soil erosion was very serious in the Guishui area of Guanting reservoir.In order to control the non-point source (NPS) pollution of soil loss there,a distributed soil erosion and sediment transport sub-model with less parameters and more convenient application was built in this paper,which was composed of the USLE model and the sediment transport model.Firstly,USLE was used to calculate soil erosion after suitable calculation formulae of its factors were selected.And then the watershed was generalized into river network,we applied the relation between S-curve and pollutant-collecting area coefficient we had established into the solution of one-dimensional water quality transportation equation gained from Laplace transform and inverse Laplace transform,and derived the distributed sediment transport model.Finally,relied on DEM,this paper made research on the model application in Guishui watershed by picking up geographical information from the soil map and land-use map of Guishui watershed.Application results indicated that this model can not only be used to make research on the sediment pollution resulting from NPS pollution,but also on the spatial distribution of soil erosion,offering scientific foundation for realizing best agricultural management in this watershed.The soil loss in Guishui watershed mainly comes from the mountain and hill with large slope and low vegetation coverage,therefore,the key for controlling the soil loss shall be taken on the mountain and hill in this watershed. |
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| Keywords: | nonpoint source pollution distributed model GIS Guanting Reservoir Guishui River |
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