| 广西某铅锌矿区废水汇集洼地土壤重金属污染调查与评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 覃朝科,易 鹞,刘静静,何 娜.广西某铅锌矿区废水汇集洼地土壤重金属污染调查与评价[J].中国岩溶,2013,32(3):318-324. |
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| 作者姓名： | 覃朝科 易 鹞 刘静静 何 娜 |
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| 作者单位： | 中南大学地球科学与信息物理学院；中国有色桂林矿产地质研究院有限公司;钦州市环保局;中国有色桂林矿产地质研究院有限公司;中国有色桂林矿产地质研究院有限公司 |
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| 基金项目： | “广西特聘专家”专项经费资助；国家科技支撑计划项目（2009BAB45B01） |
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| 摘 要： | 对某铅锌矿废水汇集的岩溶洼地土壤重金属镉、铜、铅、锌、铬、砷和汞的含量进行调查分析，运用单项污染指数与综合污染指数相结合的方法对土壤环境质量状况和采用Hakanson潜在生态指数法对土壤重金属污染潜在生态风险进行评价。结果表明，该区块土壤受到重金属镉、锌、汞、铅的严重污染，其污染指数均大于1，尤其是镉污染指数高达88.4，其后依次为锌和汞，铅最小；剖面上，A、B、C层，即0~30 cm、30~60 cm和60~90 cm土壤，均已受到不同程度的重金属污染，而且污染程度A层>B层>C层，其综合污染指数分别为67.0、11.9和8.8，各自的潜在生态风险指数分别为2 921.0、543.4、421.2，对应的潜在生态风险程度分别为极强、强、强。由此可见，该岩溶洼地土壤不仅镉、锌、汞、铅污染严重，而且其生态风险也很大，但土壤中基本没有受铜、铬、砷污染。在该洼地土壤重金属污染物没有清除前，建议禁止种植食用农产品，而改为种植非食用型经济作物。
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| 关 键 词： | 岩溶矿区 土壤 重金属 污染评价 |
Investigation and evaluation on heavy metal pollution in the waste water collecting depression in a lead-zinc mine of karst area |
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| QIN Chao-ke,YI Yao,LIU Jing-jing and HE Na.Investigation and evaluation on heavy metal pollution in the waste water collecting depression in a lead-zinc mine of karst area[J].Carsologica Sinica,2013,32(3):318-324. |
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| Authors: | QIN Chao-ke YI Yao LIU Jing-jing and HE Na |
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| Abstract: | The study area is in southwest Guangxi karst area. The lead-zinc ore is low temperature hydrothermal filling deposit that has mined over 50 years. The major strata include the upper Cambrian, the Devonian, the lower Cretaceous and the Quaternary systems. The shallow karst develops strongly but the deep karst weak in the mining and the surrounding areas, with obvious stratified development of caverns. The karst depression collecting the lead-zinc mine wastewater is land for farm. In order to find the quality of soil environmental and evaluate potential ecological risk of heavy metal pollution in the soil, the contents of cadmium, copper, lead, zinc, chromium, arsenic and mercury in the soil are investigated and analyzed by means of single pollution index, comprehensive pollution index and Hakanson potential ecological index. The results show that pollution index of cadmium, zinc, mercury, lead are greater than 1, and cadmium pollution index has reached 88.4, followed by zinc and mercury, lead the minimum. All of the soils, 0-30 cm layer(A),30-60 cm layer(B)and 60-90 cm layer(C), have been polluted by heavy metals with the degree of as layer(A)> layer(B) > layer(C).The comprehensive pollution index of layer(A), layer(B) and layer(C) is 67.0, 11.9 and 8.8 respectively. Potential ecological risk index of heavy metal pollution in layer(A), layer(B), layer(C) is 2 921.0,543.4 and 421.2 respectively. Potential ecological risk degree is very strong, strong, strong level.It follows that the soil in karst depression is polluted by cadmium, zinc, mercury, lead strongly, which is of high ecological risks. So it is suggested that inedible industrial crops should be produced and edible plants should be forbidden growing before the heavy metals in the soil being cleared away. |
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| Keywords: | karst mining area soil heavy metal evaluation on pollution |
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