Influence of salinity on fertilization and larval development toxicity tests with two species of sea urchin |
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| Authors: | Carballeira C Martín-Díaz L Delvalls T A |
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| Institution: | UNITWIN/UNESCO/WiCoP. Physical Chemistry Department, University of Cádiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain. carlos.carballeira@uca.es |
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| Abstract: | Sea urchin embryo-larval development (ELD) and fertilization tests have been widely used in ecotoxicity studies and are included in regulatory frameworks. Biological processes occur naturally within a range of salinity that depends on the species considered. In an attempt to determine the optimum range of salinity, ELD and fertilization bioassays were performed at different salinities (15-40.5‰) with two species of Atlantic sea urchin: Arbacia lixula and Paracentrotus lividus. In the ELD assay, the optimum range of salinity was wider for A.?lixula (29-35.5‰) than for P.?lividus (29-33‰). In the fertilization assay with P.?lividus as a bioindicator species, the highest percentage of fertilization (90%) was obtained at salinities of between 29 and 33‰. More research on A.?lixula is required, since the fertilization success was below 60%. The results of the present study demonstrate that salinity may be a confounding factor in interpreting ELD test results. |
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