| 急缓流态交替的陡坡河道水动力模型 |
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| 引用本文： | 吴晓玲,向小华,牛帅,王船海.急缓流态交替的陡坡河道水动力模型[J].水科学进展,2017,28(4):564-570. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吴晓玲 向小华 牛帅 王船海 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.河海大学水文水资源学院, 江苏 南京 210098; |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划资助项目（2016YFA0601000）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目（2015B20314） |
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| 摘 要： | 为解决河道水动力模拟中由于局部急、缓流态交替可能导致计算不稳定、模拟过程无法实施的问题，提出根据实际河段存在的缓流、急流、水跌以及水跃4种流态，采用基于特征线、水量平衡等原理在各流态分界处添加内部边界的思路，建立基于Preissmann方法的复杂流态自适应模拟模型。所构建的模型能保持Preissmann方法的特点，即相邻断面离散模板以及河道首末断面各需给定一个边界条件，该特点有利于方法直接与现有成熟河网水动力模型连接。理想算例的计算结果表明方法能够模拟急、缓流之间的渐变过渡；而石亭江的实际算例表明在急、缓流态频繁交替时，采用单河道模式及河网模式均能收敛到恒定状态，满足模拟实际复杂流态时的稳定性要求。
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| 关 键 词： | 水动力学 数值方法 跨临界流 河网模型 陡峭河道 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016-08-23 |
Hydrodynamic model for steep river with transition on supercritical and subcritical flow |
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| WU Xiaoling,XIANG Xiaohua,NIU Shuai,WANG Chuanhai.Hydrodynamic model for steep river with transition on supercritical and subcritical flow[J].Advances in Water Science,2017,28(4):564-570. |
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| Authors: | WU Xiaoling XIANG Xiaohua NIU Shuai WANG Chuanhai |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;2.Hydrology and Water Resources Department of Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China;3.State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to address the issue of unstable numerical solution due to transition between supercritical and subcritical flows in local region in river-network modeling, the real flow status were firstly divided into four types including subcritical flow, supercritical flow, trans-critical flow, and shock, and then an adaptable model was introduced by increasing internal boundaries according to water balance and characteristics theory in the traditional Preissmann model. The final developed model preserves the advantages of the Preissmann model, which only need two points for each numerical template and can be easily integrated with mature river-network model. Numerical results for classic cases show that the introduced model is able to deal with gradual transition between subcritical flow and supercritical flow. A case study in Shiting river shows that the introduced model can converge to constant flow state using both single-river or river-network pattern, when frequent transition on supercritical and subcritical flow appears; this indicates the model can keep stable during complex flow modeling. |
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| Keywords: | hydrodynamics numerical methods trans-critical flow river-network model steep river |
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