| 提孜那甫河流域山区冬季牲畜宿营地时空变化特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 贾翔,李琪.提孜那甫河流域山区冬季牲畜宿营地时空变化特征[J].冰川冻土,2020,42(2):716-726. |
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| 作者姓名： | 贾翔 李琪 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源实验室, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830054;2.新疆师范大学 地理科学与旅游学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830054;3.乌鲁木齐空间遥感应用研究所, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830054 |
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| 基金项目： | 新疆师范大学新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源实验室招标课题(XJNUSYS2019B20);新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划(XJEDU2019Y031) |
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| 摘 要： | 冬季牲畜宿营地是游牧过程中牲畜和人共同休憩的场所。通过解译提孜那甫河流域2000年、 2010年和2018年的Landsat影像， 提取相应时期的冬季牲畜宿营地信息， 探究近18年来宿营地的时空变化特征。结果表明： 研究区冬季牲畜宿营地由2000年的306处增至2018年的712处， 其数量和面积增加显著； 宿营地分布热点区由中部向东西向扩散， 冷点区沿西北 - 东南方向蔓延； 宿营地分布于海拔2 100～3 000 m的水草条件较好的缓坡区域， 由阴坡逐渐向阳坡过渡， 向居民点方向迁移， 与道路的距离呈两级分化的趋势， 冰雪融水是牲畜和牧民的主要水源； 人口、 载畜量、 NDVI和农村公路密度是冬季牲畜宿营地时空变化的最主要驱动力因素。鉴于牧民相对恶劣的生产生活现状， 建议应因地制宜， 增加和改善露营基础设施， 助力脱贫攻坚。
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| 关 键 词： | 提孜那甫河 冬季牲畜宿营地 时空变化 驱动力 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-04-12 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020-01-17 |
The temporal and spatial variation characteristics of winter cattle camps in the mountainous area of the Tizinafu River basin |
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| Xiang JIA,Qi LI.The temporal and spatial variation characteristics of winter cattle camps in the mountainous area of the Tizinafu River basin[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2020,42(2):716-726. |
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| Authors: | Xiang JIA Qi LI |
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| Institution: | 1.Xinjiang Laboratory of Lake Environment and Resources in Arid Zone, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, China;2.College of Geography Science and Tourism, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, China;3.Urumqi Institute of Spatial Remote Sensing Applications, Urumqi 830054, China |
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| Abstract: | The winter cattle camp is a place where cattle and people can rest together during the nomadic process. The article interpreted the Landsat images of the Tizinafu River basin in 2000， 2010 and 2018， extracted the information of the winter cattle camps in the corresponding period， and explore the spatiotemporal characteristics of the winter cattle camps in the past 18 years. The results showed that： （1） The number of winter cattle camps in the study area increased from 306 in 2000 to 712 in 2018， and the number and acreage had increased significantly. （2） The hot spots distributed among the camps spread from the middle to the east， and the cold spots spread along the northwest-southeast direction. （3） The camps were distributed in gentle slopes with good water and grass conditions at an altitude of 2 100 to 3 000 m， and the transition from the shady slope to the sunny slope to the residents Point-direction migration， snow and ice melting was the main source of water for cattle and herders， and the distance from the road was two-level differentiation. （4） Population， stocking capacity， NDVI and rural road density were the main driving force for the time and space changes of winter cattle camps. In view of the relatively poor production and living conditions of herders， it is recommended that camping infrastructure should be increased and improved according to local conditions to help overcome poverty. |
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| Keywords: | Tizinafu River watershed winter cattle camp time and space change driving force |
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