| 塔河油田碳酸盐岩大型隐蔽油藏成藏机理探讨 |
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| 引用本文： | 闫相宾,张涛.塔河油田碳酸盐岩大型隐蔽油藏成藏机理探讨[J].地质论评,2004,50(4):370-376. |
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| 作者姓名： | 闫相宾 张涛 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院研究生院,北京,100081;西北大学,西安,710069;中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院,北京,100083;中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院,北京,100083 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家“十五”攻关项目一级专题“塔里木盆地北部碳酸盐岩大中型油田勘探目标选择”项目 (编号 2 0 0 1BA60 5 A-0 3 -0 1)资助成果。 |
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| 摘 要： | 塔河碳酸盐岩隐蔽油藏是目前中国最大的海相整装油田，油藏类型以大型岩溶缝洞型隐蔽油藏为主，平面上油气分布具有大面积叠置连片不均匀含油特点，纵向上主要富集于奥陶系顶面不整合面之下400m范围之内，无统一油水界面，主要受非均质性极强的次生孔洞缝储集体发育程度控制。其成藏主控因素为：①多期多旋回岩溶(古表生、深埋)及断裂作用形成的孔、洞、缝网络状储集体与上覆有效盖层尤其是石炭系巴楚组泥岩及膏泥岩有效配置是油气成藏的关键；②长期继承性发育的大型阿克库勒凸起及多期断裂系统限制了岩溶储层发育范围，并控制了油气运移、聚集与成藏；③多源长期供烃，早期成藏遭受改造。晚期再次充注调整是塔河重要成藏机制。
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| 关 键 词： | 塔河油田 碳酸盐岩 隐蔽油藏 成藏模式 |
Discussion on Forming Mechanism of the Large-scale Carbonate Rock Subtle Reservoir in the Tahe Oilfield |
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| Abstract: | Presently the carbonate rock subtle reservoir in the Tahe oilfield is the largest marine unchanged oilfield with large-scale dissolution fissure-cave subtle reservoir as the main pool type. Horizontally, the oil distribution is characterized by large superposed continuous area in which oil is distributed asymmetrically. Vertically, the oil is concentrated within a range of 400 m under the uniformity at the top of the Ordovician without universal oil-water contact, and controlled mainly by the development of strongly heterogeneous secondary porosity-cave-fissure reservoirs. The main factors controlling the formation of oil pools are as follows: (1) good collocation of reservoir rocks, whose reserving capacity are composed of porosities, caves and fissures formed by multistage multicyclic rock dissolution (paleo-surface water and deep water) and fracturing, and overlying effective sealed rocks, especially the Bachu formation mudstone and salt lime mudstone, are key to the formation of pools; (2) the long-term continuously developed Akekule uplift and multiple fracture systems control not only the scope of dissolution reservoir distribution, but also oil migration, accumulation and formation; (3) long-term hydrocarbon supply by multiple source rocks, reconstruction of early-stage pools and late-stage refilling and adjusting are the most important pool-formation mechanism in the Tahe oilfield. |
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| Keywords: | Tahe oilfield carbonate rocks subtle reservoir pool-formation model |
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