| 西北地区水资源开发引起的生态环境问题 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵锁志.西北地区水资源开发引起的生态环境问题[J].西北地质,2003,36(3):92-96. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵锁志 |
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| 作者单位： | 内蒙古自治区地质调查院,内蒙古,呼和浩特,010020 |
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| 摘 要： | 西北地区处于干旱、半干旱气候带，降水量少，蒸发量大，水资源紧缺，生态环境脆弱。近半个世纪以来，由于对水资源的不合理或过量开发利用，引发诸如水土流失、土地沙化、次生盐渍化等一系列与水有关的多种生态环境问题。针对存在的上述生态环境问题，提出了如下对策和措施：在水赍源利用上要以流域为基础，合理调配，计划用水，既要保证发展经济用水，又要保持生态环境不遭受管理坏；严格控制地表水库的建设，充分发挥戈壁滩天然地下水库作用；要把水资源评价与如何开发管理联系起来，建立具有超脱地位和跨部门的权威性机构，按流域对水资源实行统一管理。
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| 关 键 词： | 西北地区 水资源开发 生态环境问题 |
| 文章编号： | 1009-6248(2003)03-0092-05 |
| 修稿时间： | 2003年5月30日 |
Ecological environmental problems resulting from exploitation of water resources in Northwest China |
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| ZHAO Suo-zhi.Ecological environmental problems resulting from exploitation of water resources in Northwest China[J].Northwestern Geology,2003,36(3):92-96. |
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| Authors: | ZHAO Suo-zhi |
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| Abstract: | The Northwest China covers vast area with rich in natural resources. They are important bases for sustainable economical development and vital component of development of West China. However, located in arid, semi-arid climate belts, these regions are in short of water resources and ecologic environment is fragile. In the last half century, there occurred a series of ecologic environment problems related to water such as soil erosion, land desertification and secondary salinization due to irrational or over-exploitation of water resources. Aiming at these ecologic environment problems in the regions, the paper presents some countermeasures and preventives steps, which include: water resources should be rationally distributed and planned according to drainage area, ensuring not only economical water demand, but keeping ecologic environment from damaging as well; surface reservoirs constructions should be strictly restricted, rather the functions of gobi natural underground reservoirs ought to be fully taken advantage of; water resources evaluation and managements should be considered together; a detached authoritative organization should be established to manage the water resources uniformly. |
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| Keywords: | Northwest China water resource exploitation ecological environments problems |
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