| 沿天山地区一次暴雨动力过程和云中水凝物粒子特征的数值模拟研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 李伟,曾勇.沿天山地区一次暴雨动力过程和云中水凝物粒子特征的数值模拟研究[J].新疆气象,2020,14(5):19-26. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李伟 曾勇 |
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| 作者单位： | 新疆气象台,中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所 |
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| 基金项目： | 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(IDM2019001),国家重点研发计划“重大自然灾害监测预警与防范”专项(2018YFC1507104)、新疆气象局科学技术研究面上项目(MS201807)、中国气象局沙漠气象科学研究基金(Sqj2016016)共同资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 在分析了2018年5月23日—24日北疆沿天山一带典型的地形暴雨天气过程的环流形势、水汽输送和暴雨云系特征的基础上,利用高分辨率数值模式WRF3.8.1对暴雨过程进行模拟,在模拟结果与实况较为吻合的基础上,利用模拟资料对暴雨动力过程和云微物理特征进行了分析。结果表明：(1)“两脊一槽”的环流形势是此次暴雨发生的环流背景,东移过程中不断加深的中亚低槽是此次暴雨的影响系统。巴伦支海的水汽经过西西伯利亚平原多次转向输送至暴雨区,为暴雨的产生提供有利的水汽条件。积层混合云快速移过暴雨区使较强降雨持续了约6 h。(2)高分辨率数值模式WRF能较好地反映出此次暴雨过程的降雨性质、雨带分布特征和大值中心位置。模拟结果显示低空急流在向天山移动过程中,受天山地形阻挡抬升,在沿天山一带形成了显著的辐合和上升运动,为此次强降雨提供了有利的动力条件。(3)有利的动力条件使水凝物粒子(冰晶、雪、霰、云水、雨水)能够在北疆沿天山一带地区不断聚集、增长从而形成大值中心,固相粒子与液相粒子在垂直分布上相交的区域存在固—液粒子转化,有利于降雨强度的增强,其中霰粒子和过冷云水发挥了重要的作用。
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| 关 键 词： | 天山地形 数值模拟 暴雨 云微物理 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020/3/21 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020/6/4 0:00:00 |
Numerical Simulation of the Impact of Tianshan Terrain on a Heavy Rain Process in the Areas along the Tianshan Mountains |
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| LI Wei and ZENG Yong.Numerical Simulation of the Impact of Tianshan Terrain on a Heavy Rain Process in the Areas along the Tianshan Mountains[J].Bimonthly of Xinjiang Meteorology,2020,14(5):19-26. |
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| Authors: | LI Wei and ZENG Yong |
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| Institution: | Xinjiang Meteorological Observatory,Institute of Desert Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration |
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| Abstract: | Based on the analysis of the circulation situation, water vapor transport, and storm cloud characteristics of typical terrain storm weather processes in the Areas along the Tianshan Mountains in northern Xinjiang from May 23 to 24, 2018, the high-resolution numerical model WRF3.8.1 was used to analyze the storm process. Based on the simulation results, which are in good agreement with the actual situation, the simulation data are used to analyze the dynamic process of rainstorm and the microphysical characteristics of clouds. The results showed that: (1) the circulation situation of "two ridges and one trough" is the background of the current circulation of the torrential rain. The deepening of the low trough in Central Asia during the eastward migration is the impact system of the torrential rain. The water vapor of the Barents Sea has been diverted and transported to the torrential rain area through the western Siberian plain for many times, providing favorable conditions for the generation of torrential rain. The stratospheric hybrid cloud moved quickly through the heavy rain area, which caused the heavy rainfall to last for about 6 hours. (2) The high-resolution numerical model WRF can better reflect the rainfall characteristics, the distribution characteristics of the rain belts, and the center of the large value during the storm. The simulation results show that during the movement of the low-altitude jet to the Tianshan Mountains, the terrain was blocked and uplifted by the Tianshan Mountains, and a significant convergence and ascending movement was formed along the Tianshan Mountains, which provided favorable dynamic conditions for the heavy rainfall. (3) Favorable dynamic conditions enable hydrogel particles (ice crystals, snow, maggots, cloud water, rain) to continuously gather and grow in areas along the Tianshan Mountains in the northern Xinjiang to form large-value centers. There are solid-liquid particle transformations in the intersecting areas, which is conducive to the enhancement of rainfall intensity, in which radon particles and supercooled cloud water play an important role. |
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| Keywords: | Tianshan terrain Numerical simulation Heavy rain Cloud microphysics |
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