| 粤港澳大湾区城市职能演变特征与影响因素 |
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| 引用本文： | 方进平,彭婷,陆莲芯,毕斗斗,陈再齐.粤港澳大湾区城市职能演变特征与影响因素[J].热带地理,2019,39(5):647-660. |
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| 作者姓名： | 方进平 彭婷 陆莲芯 毕斗斗 陈再齐 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 华南师范大学,旅游管理学院 广州 510006;2. 华南理工大学 经济与贸易学院,广州 510006;3. 广东省社会科学院,广州 510635 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41471106);华南理工大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目(X2JMC80200) |
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| 摘 要： | 以粤港澳大湾区城市群为研究对象,将19个国民经济行业归并为11个城市职能类型,基于各个城市2003和2017年的分行业从业人员数据,运用区位商指数、城市基本服务规模测算法和纳尔逊城市职能分类法,从城市职能的专业化部门、职能强度和职能规模三要素角度,对2003—2017年粤港澳大湾区城市职能演变进行动态分析,并从经济、政治、社会等方面分析了职能演变的影响因素。结果表明：粤港澳大湾区城市职能演变表现出较为明显的空间异质性和行业差异性。从区域整体来看,粤港澳大湾区城市群的基本职能为制造业、商业、房地产业、租赁商务服务以及软件信息服务,2003—2017年服务业职能明显增强。从各城市来看,粤港澳大湾区的城市职能主要由香港、澳门、广州和深圳四大中心城市承担,中心城市与外围城市发展不均衡,表现为中心城市制造业职能地位下降,生产性服务业职能增长较快,专业化水平较高;而其他节点城市则以制造业职能为主导,服务业职能专业化水平较低。粤港澳地区城市职能演变主要受城市区位条件、经济发展水平、区域发展政策与定位、经济全球化及新一轮技术革命的影响。
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| 关 键 词： | 粤港澳大湾区 城市职能 城市群 职能演变 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-09-03 |
Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Urban Function Evolution in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area |
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| Fang Yuanping,Peng Ting,Lu Lianxin,Bi Doudou,Chen Zaiqi.Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Urban Function Evolution in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area[J].Tropical Geography,2019,39(5):647-660. |
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| Authors: | Fang Yuanping Peng Ting Lu Lianxin Bi Doudou Chen Zaiqi |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Tourism Management, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China;2. School of Economics & Commerce, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China;3. Guangdong Academy of Social Science, Guangzhou 510635, China |
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| Abstract: | The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has become the most important national strategic zone in China because of its key engine-like role for economic growth as well as being the most advanced global mega-city region in China. The mega-city region development is based on reasonable labor division and cooperation between cities. Cities should focus on their strengths and boost regular competition to promote the coordinated development of the entire region. This study examines the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, which includes 19 national economic industries that are divided into 11 city functional types. Based on the data concerning the industry practitioners in each city in 2003 and 2017, this study uses the location quotient index, urban basic service scale measurement method, and Nelson urban functional intensity index to analyze the dynamic evolution of city functions in 2003 and 2017 from the perspective of three elements of urban functions. Further, the influence factors of evolution are analyzed according to the economic, political, and social aspects. First, the urban agglomeration of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is dominated by the manufacturing and production services, with a high specialization level being observed for the manufacturing and service functions, and the evolution of these functions exhibits obvious spatial heterogeneity and industry differences. Second, at the regional level, the basic functions of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area include the manufacturing industry, commerce, real estate industry, leasing business services, and software information services, whereas the non-basic functions include transportation, finance, scientific research and technology, education, culture and health, and other services and industrial functions. The functions of the service industry are observed to be significantly enhanced from 2003 to 2017. Third, at the city-scale level, the urban functions of the Greater Bay Area are primarily undertaken by the four major central cities of Hong Kong, Macao, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen, with uneven development being observed between the central and peripheral cities. However, the status of the manufacturing function in central cities declined with the rapid growth of the producer service functions and high specialization levels. In particular, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, which are two core cities in the Pearl River delta, have rapidly improved their functional status and exhibit comparatively increasing advantages with respect to transportation, software information, leasing businesses, and scientific research and technology, challenging the functional status of Hong Kong and Macao. However, the remaining node cities are dominated by the manufacturing functions, and their service functions exhibit a relatively low level of specialization. Foshan, Dongguan, Zhongshan, and Huizhou are cities that dominate with respect to the manufacturing industries, whereas Zhuhai exhibits a relatively good service function development and can build a sub-center of services in the bay area. Jiangmen and Zhaoqing have improved their functions; however, their urban influences and strengths are weak. Fourth, the evolution of urban functions in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is primarily influenced by the urban location conditions, the economic development level, the regional development policies and strategies, the economic globalization, and the most recent round of technological revolutions. In the future, policymakers and planners should focus on achieving a reasonable division of the urban landscape by relying on information technology to promote the development of the integration of manufacturing and services, promoting the transformation and upgradation of industries, and accelerating the regional system innovation and cooperation to achieve high-quality integrated development in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. |
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| Keywords: | the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area urban functions urban agglomeration functional evolution |
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