Improving marine environmental health through marine citizenship: A call for debate |
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| Authors: | Emma McKinley Stephen Fletcher |
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| Institution: | a School of Enterprise, Management and Leadership, University of Chichester, Upper Bognor Road, Bognor Regis, West Sussex PO21 1HR, UK
b Centre for Marine and Coastal Policy Research, University of Plymouth, Portland Square, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK |
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| Abstract: | This paper presents an evaluation of the role of marine citizenship in improving marine environmental health and marine governance. Marine citizenship describes the rights and responsibilities of an individual towards the marine environment, which support the achievement of marine policy objectives at the national level. It is argued that marine citizenship requires an enhanced awareness of marine environmental issues, an understanding of the role of personal behaviour in creating and resolving marine environmental issues, and a shift in values to promote marine pro-environmental behavioural choices. It is concluded that the value shift is likely to be produced by the development of an altered relationship between the state and the individual, in which the expectations placed on citizens by the state are extended to include marine pro-environmental behaviour. The paper is intended to stimulate debate and the authors invite and encourage replies to the ideas contained within the paper. |
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| Keywords: | Marine citizenship Education Public participation Coastal management Role of the individual |
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