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Actions taken by fishing Nations towards identification and protection of vulnerable marine ecosystems in the high seas: The Spanish case (Atlantic Ocean) |
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| Authors: | P Durán Muñoz M Sayago-Gil FJ Murillo JL Del Río LJ López-Abellán M Sacau R Sarralde |
| Institution: | a Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Programa de Pesquerías Lejanas, Subida al Radiofaro 50-52, 36390 Vigo, Spain b Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Málaga, Grupo de Geología Marina, Puerto Pesquero s/n, 29640 Fuengirola, Spain c Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Canarias, Programa de Pesquerías Lejanas, C/ General Gutiérrez 4, 38003 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain d ECOVUL/ARPA project e NEREIDA-IEO project f NEREIDA international programme g ATLANTIS project h RAP-SUR project |
| Abstract: | In reply to the United Nations General Assembly Resolutions on sustainable fisheries, Spain, either by itself or in collaboration with other Nations, has been carrying out studies on vulnerable marine ecosystems (VMEs) in the high seas of the Atlantic Ocean (areas beyond national jurisdictions) since 2005. Such studies provide advice to the Spanish Government, the Regional Fisheries Management Organizations and the European Union. This paper presents the multidisciplinary methodology used and summarises the following management results: (i) contribution to identification of cold-water corals and provision of evidence to close part (∼16,000 km2) of the Hatton Bank (NE Atlantic) to bottom fishing; (ii) compilation of an international data base to identify VMEs on the slopes of the Grand Banks of Newfoundland, Flemish Pass, and Flemish Cap (NW Atlantic) and to redefine areas currently closed to fishing; (iii) improvement of knowledge about deepwater ecosystems on Walvis Ridge and adjacent seamounts (SE Atlantic) as a pilot project for implementation in this region; and (iv) identification of VMEs and closure of an area (∼41,300 km2) on the high seas of the SW Atlantic. Also discussed are progress and challenges related to identifying and protecting VMEs. |
| Keywords: | Atlantic Ocean Fisheries High seas Protection UNGA resolution Vulnerable marine ecosystems |
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