| 生猪养殖产业集聚演化的环境效应研究——以嘉兴市辖区为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 姚文捷.生猪养殖产业集聚演化的环境效应研究——以嘉兴市辖区为例[J].地理科学,2015,35(9):1140-1147. |
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| 作者姓名： | 姚文捷 |
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| 作者单位： | 浙江工商大学经济学院,浙江 杭州 310018 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目（71373238）、教育部高校博士点基金（20123326110004）、教育部人文社科基金资助项目（13YJA90160）、浙江省社会科学界联合会研究课题（2014N183）资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 通过引入区位熵的方法,构建生猪养殖产业集聚演化的环境效应模型,旨在从理论层面揭示出生猪养殖污染本身的特殊性和内在的规律性。以嘉兴市辖区为样本的研究表明,生猪养殖污染集聚程度与生猪养殖产业集聚程度存在的倒U型曲线关系,本质上是生产的环境负外部性效应,以及对其实施纠正措施的演化轨迹。生猪养殖生产的环境负外部性效应曲线在污染治理政策的作用下,随着产业集聚程度的提高由向右上方倾斜而逐渐向下弯曲;在受到耕地资源约束时,会向上平移;在因下弯而减轻的污染集聚程度被因上移而增加的污染集聚程度所抵消并盖过时,污染治理政策则有可能是失效的。因此,生猪养殖污染治理政策的实施,必须将城镇化推进所引起的耕地资源的变化考虑在内。
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| 关 键 词： | 生猪养殖 产业集聚 环境效应 嘉兴市辖区 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014-05-08 |
| 修稿时间： | 2014-11-01 |
Environmental Effect From the Evolution of Pig Breeding Industrial Agglomeration:A Case Study of Jiaxing Municipal District,Zhejiang |
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| Wen-jie YAO.Environmental Effect From the Evolution of Pig Breeding Industrial Agglomeration:A Case Study of Jiaxing Municipal District,Zhejiang[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2015,35(9):1140-1147. |
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| Authors: | Wen-jie YAO |
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| Institution: | School of Economics, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China |
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| Abstract: | This article explores the environmental effect from the evolution of pig breeding industrial agglomeration. In Zhejiang Province, China, pig breeding industry has rapidly been running in a highly mass breeding mode for years instead of the traditional scattered farming mode. Along with the economic and social development to a certain stage, pig breeding pollution has thus become a type of new source of pollution, which is influenced mainly by the development of pig breeding industry and the constraint of cultivated land resource enslaved to the regional urbanization level. Some studies have shown that industrial agglomeration can produce corresponding environmental effect. But most of these studies laid more emphasis on confirming the causal relationship between industrial agglomeration and environmental pollution, without the theoretical analysis and induction so as to form a certain regularity and system. Especially on agricultural non-point source pollution, few of studies could hardly make a powerful explanation out of some profound understanding in the environment externality effect from livestock and poultry farming production. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to explore the environmental effect from the evolution of pig breeding industrial agglomeration, for indicating the direction of pig breeding pollution control policy in order to ensure the healthy and stable development of this industry in the long run. This article introduces “location entropy” to measure pig breeding pollution concentration, pig breeding industrial agglomeration, cultivated land resource gathering, and urbanization rate, using the relevant time series data from 1997 to 2012 in Jiaxing municipal district (Zhejiang Province, China) and Jiaxing region where the former is located. Then with a sample of Jiaxing municipal district, a model about the environmental effect from the evolution of pig breeding industrial agglomeration is built to reveal in theory the particularity and intrinsic regularity of the pollution from pig farming. There are three main findings. First, the inverted U-shaped curve between pig breeding pollution concentration and pig breeding industrial agglomeration, is essentially an evolutionary trajectory of environmental negative externality effect in process of production with its correction. Second, there exists a linear relationship of negative correlation between pig breeding pollution concentration and cultivated land resource gathering; for the later is influenced by urbanization rate, there is a linear relationship of negative correlation between cultivated land resource gathering and urbanization rate. Third, under pollution control policy, the curve with the improvement of pig breeding industrial agglomeration first tilts to the upper right and then bends down gradually; in cultivated land resource constraint, the curve moves up; when the reduction due to the bend-down is offset in turn covered by the increase due to the move-up for the pig breeding pollution concentration, pollution control policy is probably out of work. Therefore, pollution control policy should take the change of cultivated land resources caused by urbanization into account. |
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| Keywords: | pig breeding industrial agglomeration environmental effect evolution Jiaxing municipal district |
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