Measurements of thermal magnetic susceptibility of hematite and goethite |
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| Authors: | P S Minyuk T V Subbotnikova A A Plyashkevich |
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| Institution: | 1.North-East Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Far East Branch,Russian Academy of Sciences,Magadan,Russia |
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| Abstract: | Magnetic susceptibility (MS) of natural specimens of hematite and goethite is studied under continuous heating with various
additives: with carbon (sugar), nitrogen (carbamide), and elemental sulfur. It is found that heating of hematite with carbon
above 450°C results in the formation of single-domain magnetite, while the magnetic susceptibility rises by a factor of 165.
The increase in magnetic susceptibility on heating of hematite with nitrogen above 540°C reflects the generation of a single-domain
maghemite with the Curie point of about 650°C, which is stable to heating. After the first heating, the magnetic susceptibility
increases by 415 times. The subsequent cycle of thermal treatment results in the transition of maghemite to hematite, a decrease
of MS, and an increase of coercivity. Heating with sulfur produces a stable single-domain magnetite at a temperature above
the Curie point, which is manifested in the cooling curves. Here, the MS increases by a factor of 400. The heating curves
for goethite exhibit a sharp drop in susceptibility to a temperature of 350–360°C, which reflects the transition of hematite
to goethite. Heating of hematite with carbon produces stable maghemite at above 530°C, and with sulphur and nitrogen, it produces
magnetite. When heated with pyrite, hematite reduces to magnetite under the action of sulfur released from pyrite. |
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