Characteristics of an open coast tidal flat: Example from Daman,west coast of India |
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| Authors: | Sourav Saha Anupam Ghosh Santanu Banerjee Pratul K Saraswati Stuart D Burley |
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| Institution: | (1) Senckenberg Institute, Suedstrand 40, 26382 Wihelmshaven, Germany |
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| Abstract: | This study highlights lithofacies and biofacies characteristics of the open coast tidal flat near Daman on the eastern flank
of Gulf of Khambhat. Sedimentological and biological observation record six facies within the tidal flat area including older
beach, beach face, sand flat, mud flat/mixed flat, sand bar and beach rock. Distinct sedimentary structures, foraminiferal
assemblage and bioturbation intensity characterize each facies. A wide variety of wave and current generated sedimentary features
characterize the sand flat facies. Semiconsolidated sands of older beach running parallel the coastline at a level higher
than the present beach face possibly records the latest sea level highstand. The beach rock reflects early cementation of
sands in tropical environments. Foraminifera are widely distributed in sand flats, mixed flats and mud flats and grouped into
two biofacies — Ammonia-Elphidium-Quinqueloculina biofacies (sand flat and mixed flat) and Trochammina-Miliammina biofacies (mud flats). The beach face and sand bar facies contain forminifera reworked from sand flat and mud/mixed flat.
Seasonal variation in depositional style is marked by deposition of fresh mud deposited over large areas of the intertidal
flat during monsoon time, most of which is washed away by waves and current actions well before the onset of the next monsoon. |
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