| 中国内陆高原不同海拔地区雷暴电学特征成因的初步分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 张廷龙,郄秀书,言穆弘,赵阳,张广庶,张彤,王彦辉.中国内陆高原不同海拔地区雷暴电学特征成因的初步分析[J].高原气象,2009,28(5):1006-1017. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张廷龙 郄秀书 言穆弘 赵阳 张广庶 张彤 王彦辉 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院,寒区旱区环境与工程研究所西部气候环境与灾害实验室,甘肃,兰州,730000
2. 中国科学院,大气物理研究所中层大气与全球环境探测实验室,北京,100029 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向性项目，国家自然科学基金 |
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| 摘 要： | 通过分析中国内陆高原西藏那曲、 青海大通、 甘肃中川和平凉4个不同海拔高度地区雷暴的电学特征发现， 不同地区间雷暴电学特征有其共性， 但也存在一定的差异。根据过顶雷暴的地面电场演变特征， 内陆高原地区雷暴可以分为特殊型和常规型两类\.特殊型雷暴在当顶阶段地面电场呈正极性， 即雷暴下部存在范围较大的正电荷区（LPCC）， 且特殊型雷暴所占比例随海拔高度的增加有所增加； 常规型雷暴在当顶阶段地面电场为负极性， 与低海拔地区常规雷暴引起的地面电场类似。结合4个地区的地面气象要素以及探空资料的分析， 发现不同地区对应的部分热动力参量以及大气层结参数存在显著差异\.分析表明, 地气温差和暖云区厚度对雷暴云LPCC的强弱有显著的指示意义， 当地气温差越大、 暖云区厚度越薄时， 雷暴云LPCC的强度相对较大； 反之， 雷暴云LPCC的强度及范围都较小。数值模拟结果表明， 特殊型雷暴云内最大上升气流区存在的范围以及总比含水量大于常规型雷暴， 上升气流的强弱以及WCD的大小在很大程度上决定了云内水成物粒子的浓度。
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| 关 键 词： | 内陆高原 地面电场 地气温差 暖云区厚度 |
Preliminary Analysis on Formation of Electrical Characteristics of Thunderstorm in Different Altitude Regions in Chinese Inland Plateau |
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| ZHANG Ting-long,QIE Xiu-shu,YAN Mu-hong,ZHAO Yang,ZHANG Guang-shu,ZHANG Tong,WANG Yan-hui.Preliminary Analysis on Formation of Electrical Characteristics of Thunderstorm in Different Altitude Regions in Chinese Inland Plateau[J].Plateau Meteorology,2009,28(5):1006-1017. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Ting-long QIE Xiu-shu YAN Mu-hong ZHAO Yang ZHANG Guang-shu ZHANG Tong WANG Yan-hui |
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| Abstract: | The electrical characteristics of thunderstorms in four regions with different altitudes, including Naqu of central Tibetan Plateau, Datong of Qinghai, Zhongchuan and Pingliang of Gansu, have been analyzed. The results show that the electrical characteristics of thunderstorms in four regions have the difference and commonness. According to the polarity of electric field underneath thunderstorm, the thunderstorm in Chinese inland plateau can be divided into two types, normal-type and special-type, with the former being similar to that in the lower altitude regions in summer and the later characterized by a larger-than-usual lower positive charge center (LPCC) at the base of thunderstorm. The ratio of special-type thunderstorm increases with the altitude of the region. By combining the meteorology parameters, the electrical characteristics of thunderstorm in four regions are discussed in detail. It is find that some of parameters have obvious difference in study regions, especially, the temperature difference of surface and air at 2 m highs (T_(0～2m)) and warm cloud depth (WCD) have obvious indication on the intensity of LPCC. Usually, a larger value of T_(0～2m) and smaller value of WCD indicate a stronger LPCC of thunderstorm, while a smaller value of T_(0～2m) and larger value of WCD induced thunderstorm with a weaker LPCC. The results of model show that the intensity of charge region for two types of thunderstorm has obvious difference because of the density of precipitation particles. The intensity of LPCC is likely to be directly influenced by updraft and WCD of thunderstorm. |
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| Keywords: | Inland plateau Surface electric field Temperature difference of surface and air at 2 m heights Warm cloud depth |
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