| 南海实现和谐之路 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵焕庭,袁家义,王丽荣.南海实现和谐之路[J].热带地理,2015,35(5):687-700. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵焕庭 袁家义 王丽荣 |
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| 作者单位： | （1．中国科学院边缘海地质重点实验室//中国科学院南海海洋研究所，广州 510301；2．中山大学 地球科学与地质工程学院，广州 510275；3．南京大学 中国南海研究协同创新中心，南京 210093） |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重大科学研究计划课题（2013CB956102）；中国科学院战略先导科技专项课题（XDA05080300）；国家社会科学基金重大项目（14ZDB165） |
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| 摘 要： | 中国最早发现和开发利用南海及其诸岛，南海之名始见于周朝，距今3 000多年，至秦汉时，已开发南海至印度洋的航运和商贸事业。南海诸岛和南海部分海域属于中国领土和海疆，标示在中国出版的地图中为断续国界线。南海周边国家关系历来大多处于和谐状态，其中秦汉南海海上丝绸之路和明朝郑和船队下西洋为其中显著发展的和谐时段。而自中世纪以来，域外强国侵入南海，使南海区域在相当长时间内处于严重不和谐状态。其中，15―19世纪，欧美殖民主义者侵占南海周边各国。20世纪上半叶，日本殖民主义者开始侵占中国南海诸岛，并在第二次世界大战中吞占了整个南海区域；20世纪下半叶，法国和美国相继挑起印度支那战争和越南战争。南海周边部分国家霸占中国南海诸岛许多岛礁，并在其上建筑和扩建机场及港口，扩军备，分割其海疆并掠夺其海洋石油天然气资源。中国必须开展积极的外交和军事活动，尤其是加强国防建设，在南海诸岛建设海空军基地，才能保护中国南海油气和渔业资源的开发和运输畅通，并尽早收回全部岛礁主权，使南海周边国家愿意“共同开发”，创造和谐的南海。
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| 关 键 词： | 南海 南海诸岛 和谐历史 不和谐历史 现实不和谐 南海和谐之路 |
Ways to Achieve Harmony of the South China Sea |
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| ZHAO Huanting,YUAN Jiayi,WANG Lirong.Ways to Achieve Harmony of the South China Sea[J].Tropical Geography,2015,35(5):687-700. |
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| Authors: | ZHAO Huanting YUAN Jiayi WANG Lirong |
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| Institution: | （1．CAS Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology，South China Sea Institute of Oceanology，CAS，Guangzhou 510301，China； 2．School of Earth Science and Geological Engineering，Sun Yat-sen University，Guangzhou 510275，China； 3．Collaborative Innovation Center for the South China Sea Studies，Nanjing University，Nanjing 210023，China） |
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| Abstract: | Chinese people discovered and exploited the South China Sea and Nanhai Islands the earliest. The name of the South China Sea was recorded first in the Zhou Dynasty about 3 000 years ago. Till the Qin and Han Dynasties, the shipping and trading business had been developed from the South China Sea to the Indian Ocean. The Nanhai Islands and part of South China Sea had belonged to China and marked as intermittent border in maps. The relationship among the countries surrounding the South China Sea was harmonious most of the time in history, especially during the periods of Maritime Silk Route of South China Sea in the Qin and Han Dynasties and Zheng He’s voyages to the Western Seas in Ming Dynasty. But the strong powers outside the South China Sea intruded into the Sea since the Middle Ages, that made the region be in serious disharmonious situation for a long time. From the 15th to 19th centuries, European and American colonists invaded the countries surrounding South China Sea. From the first half of the 20th century, Japanese colonist began to arrogate Nanhai Islands and annexed the whole region in the Second World War. In the latter half of the 20th century, France and the United States provoked the Indochina war and the Vietnam War respectively. Several countries surrounding the South China Sea arrogated many islands and coral reefs of the Nanhai Islands and built airports and harbors, while partitioning the territorial waters of China and seizing marine oil and gas resources. In this century, under the intervention of the United States, they are jointly contrary to China evidently. Positive diplomatic and military activities should be held in China, especially the construction of national defense by building bases in the Nanhai Islands, which will protect and exploit the oil and gas resources and fishing resources and ensure the transportation smoothly. Only when the countries surrounding the South China Sea would like to join the development, the harmony of the region could be achieved. |
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| Keywords: | South China Sea Nanhai Islands harmonious history in South China Sea disharmonious history in South China Sea disharmonious situation in South China Sea harmonious road for South China Sea |
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