Geochemical Control of Heavy Metal Concentrations and Distribution Within Bahia Blanca Estuary (Argentina) |
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| Authors: | Jorge Marcovecchio Sandra Botté Melisa Fernández Severini Federico Delucchi |
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| Institution: | 1.área de Oceanografía Química, Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO),CCT-CONICET-Bahía Blanca,Bahía Blanca,Argentina;2.Facultad Regional Bahía Blanca (UTN-FRBB),Universidad Tecnológica Nacional,Bahía Blanca,Argentina;3.Universidad FASTA (Fac. Ingeniería y Fac. Cs. Salud),Mar del Plata,Argentina;4.Dpto. de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia,Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS),Bahía Blanca,Argentina |
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| Abstract: | Chromium and lead concentrations and distribution have been fully studied within Bahía Blanca estuary inner area, which is
strongly influenced by urban and industrial stress. Not only metals dissolved in estuarine water but also those included in
sediments and suspended particulate matters (SPM) were measured. In all cases, internationally standardized protocols were
applied to metal measurements, including analytical quality check test through analysis of certified reference materials.
Total metal contents from surface sediments and SPM were compared with those from a historical database of the area, as well
as with values representing the natural geochemical baseline within the system. Results showed that heavy metal pollution
is mainly localized in the areas close to both industrial effluents discharge system and urban sewage outfall discharge. Data
from sequential extractions indicate that metals from anthropogenic sources (i.e., Pb) are potentially more mobile than those
inherited from geological parent material (i.e., Cr). The influences of other potential sources of metals (i.e., streams,
runoff) were also considered. SPM was clearly identified as the main carrier of the studied heavy metals within the system,
and its significance to metals input into sediments and/or biota was verified. Finally, the normalization of measured metal
concentrations against background reference elements (i.e., Al or Fe) has allowed to identify that most of the measured Cr
was lithogenic, while a significant percentage of Pb was from anthropogenic origin within Bahía Blanca estuary. |
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