Change detection of the coastal zone east of the Nile Delta using remote sensing |
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| Authors: | H M El-Asmar M E Hereher |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Damietta Branch, Mansoura University, New Damietta, Egypt;(2) Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Damietta Branch, Mansoura University, New Damietta, Egypt |
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| Abstract: | The coastal zone of the Nile Delta is a promising area for energy resources and industrial activities. It also contains important
wetland ecosystems. This coastal area witnessed several changes during the last century. A set of four satellite images from
the multi-spectral scanner (MSS), thematic mapper (TM) and Systeme Pour l’Observation de la Terre (SPOT) sensors were utilized
in order to estimate the spatio-temporal changes that occurred in the coastal zone between Damietta Nile branch and Port-Said
between 1973 and 2007. Image processing applied in this study included geometric rectification; atmospheric correction; on-screen
shoreline digitizing of the 1973 (MSS) and 2007 (SPOT) images for tracking the shoreline position between Damietta promontory
and Port-Said; and water index approach for quantifying Manzala lagoon surface area change using 1973 (MSS), 1984 (TM) and
2003 (TM) images. Results showed that coastal erosion was severe near Damietta promontory and decreased eastward, however,
accretion was observed near Port-Said. About 50% of the coastal strip was under erosion and 13% was under accretion. In addition,
a remarkable decline (34.5%) of the Manzala lagoon surface area was estimated. These changes were attributed mainly to the
control of the River Nile flooding and the land use change by anthropogenic activities. |
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