Benthic megafaunal and demersal fish assemblages on the Chilean continental margin: The influence of the oxygen minimum zone on bathymetric distribution |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Science and the Environment, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Extension Building, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD UK;2. Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4RJ, UK;3. School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Queensland 4811, Australia;1. Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;2. NIWA/University of Otago Research Centre for Oceanography, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;3. Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Washington 98250, USA;4. Friday Harbor Laboratories, University of Washington, Washington 98250, USA;1. Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, C/Varadero 1, San Pedro del Pinatar, 30740 Murcia, Spain |
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| Abstract: | Benthic megafaunal and demersal fish assemblages were sampled in three areas off Chile during the German–Chilean Expedition PUCK (SO-156) onboard the R/V Sonne from March to May 2001, at depths ranging from 120 to 2201 m. These samples, taken with an Agassiz trawl, are among the deepest ever taken in Chilean waters. A total of 147 species were recorded, mainly decapod crustaceans (Galatheidae, Pandalidae, Crangonidae), gastropods (Trochidae, Muricidae, Volutidae), ophiuroids (Asteronychidae, Gorgonocephalidae, Ophiolepididae, Ophiurinae), asteroids (Pterasteridae, Solasteridae, Goniopectinidae), polychaetes (Onuphidae, Aphroditidae, Maldanidae), and demersal fish (Macrouridae, Ipnopidae, Squalidae). Species richness and rarefaction analyses suggest that the fauna was undersampled. From the 147 species identified in this study, 36 species (24.5%) occurred only once and another 24 species occurred only twice (16.3%). Depth and dissolved oxygen levels were found to be the main factors influencing megafaunal changes along the continental shelf and in bathyal areas, as indicated by principal component and Pearson's correlation analyses. Some species appear to be limited to distinct areas in the upper and lower bathyal zones, whereas other species have a wider range, extending from the continental shelf to lower bathyal zones. Biogeographic relations exist with the Pacific, South Atlantic, and Southern Oceans, but the latter seem to be weaker than would be expected considering the connection by Antarctic intermediate water. |
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