Mesozooplankton prey preference and grazing impact in the western Arctic Ocean |
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| Institution: | 1. Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA;2. College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;3. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA;4. Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Institute Maurice-Lamontagne, C.P. 1000, Mont-Joli, Québec, Canada G5H 3Z4;5. Department of Ocean, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA;6. University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA;1. Department of Oceanography, Pusan National University, 30, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Polar Ocean Environment, Korea Polar Research Insititute, 26, Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Marine Biology, Pukyung National University, 599-1, Daeyondong, Namgu, Busan, 608-737, Republic of Korea;1. Joint International U.Laval-CNRS Laboratory Takuvik, Québec-Océan, Département de Biologie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada;2. Sorbonne Universités (UPMC, Université Paris 06)-CNRS-IRD-MNHN, LOCEAN Laboratory, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France;3. Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, Second Institute of Oceanography (SIO), State Oceanic Administration (SOA), Hangzhou 310012, China;4. Department of Oceanography, Pusan National University, 30, Jangjeon-dong, Busan 609-735, South Korea;1. School of Fisheries and Ocean Science, Institute of Marine Science, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, 99775-7220 AK, USA;2. Alaska Fisheries Science Center, NOAA, 7600 Sand Point Way, Seattle, 98115 WA, USA;3. Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, NOAA, 7600 Sand Point Way, Seattle, 98115-6349 WA, USA;4. Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA;5. North Slope Borough Department of Wildlife Management, PO Box 69, Barrow, 99723-0069 AK, USA;1. Centre for Earth Observation Science, Faculty of Environment, 460 Wallace Building, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada;2. Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, N-9296 Tromsø, Norway;3. Department of Geography, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada;4. Québec-Océan and Département de biologie, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;5. UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway;6. Greenland Climate Research Centre, Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, 3900 Nuuk, Greenland;7. Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Århus, Denmark;1. College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, Fisheries Division, University of Alaska, 17101 Pt. Lena Loop Rd, Juneau AK 99801, USA;2. Alaska Fisheries Science Center, NOAA, 7600 Sand Point Way, Seattle, WA 98115, USA |
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| Abstract: | The role of mesozooplankton as consumers and transformers of primary and secondary production in the Beaufort and Chukchi Seas was examined during four cruises in spring and summer of both 2002 and 2004 as part of the western Arctic Shelf–Basin Interactions (SBI) program. Forty-seven grazing experiments using dominant mesozooplankton species and life stages were conducted at locations across the shelf, slope, and basin of the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas to measure feeding rates on both chlorophyll and microzooplankton and to determine mesozooplankton prey preferences.Mesozooplankton biomass was at all times dominated by life stages of four copepod taxa: Calanus glacialis, Calanus hyperboreus, Metridia longa, and Pseudocalanus spp. Significant interannual, seasonal, regional, between species and within species differences in grazing rates were observed. Overall, the dominant zooplankton exhibited typical feeding behavior in response to chlorophyll concentration that could be modeled using species and life-stage specific Ivlev functions. Microzooplankton were preferred prey at almost all times, with the strength of the preference positively related to the proportion of microzooplankton prey availability. Average mesozooplankton grazing impacts on both chlorophyll standing stock (0.6±0.5% d?1 in spring, 5.1±6.3% d?1 in summer) and primary production (12.8±11.8% d?1 in spring, 27.6±24.5% d?1 in summer) were quite low and varied between shelf, slope, and basin. Coincident microzooplankton grazing experiments Sherr, E.B., Sherr, B.F., Hartz, A.J., 2009. Microzooplankton grazing impact in the Western Arctic Ocean. Deep-Sea Research II] were conducted at most stations. Together, microzooplankton–mesozooplankton grazing consumed only 44% of the total water-column primary production, leaving more than half directly available for local export to the benthos or for offshore transport into the adjacent basin. |
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