The oxygen minimum zone of the eastern South Pacific |
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| Institution: | 1. CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India;2. Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530003, India;1. Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA;2. Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA;3. Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA;4. Horn Point Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Cambridge, MD, USA;5. Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, FL, USA |
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| Abstract: | In spite of the fact that oxygen-deficient waters with ?20 μM of dissolved oxygen—known as oxygen minimum zones (OMZs)—occupy only ～1% of the volume of the global ocean, they disproportionately affect global biogeochemical cycles, particularly the nitrogen cycle. The macrobiota diversity in OMZs is low, but the fauna that do inhabit these regions present special adaptations to the low-oxygen conditions. Conversely, microbial communities in the OMZ water column and sediments are abundant and phylogenetically and metabolically very diverse, and microbial processes occurring therein (e.g., denitrification, anammox, and organic matter degradation) are important for global marine biogeochemical cycles. In this introductory article, we present the collection of papers for the special volume on the OMZ of the eastern South Pacific, one of the three main open-ocean oxygen-deficient regions of the global ocean. These papers deal with aspects of regional oceanography, inorganic and organic geochemistry, ecology, and the biochemistry of micro and macro organisms—both in the plankton and in the sediments—and past changes in the fish scales preserved in the sediments bathed by OMZ waters. |
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