| 柴达木盆地英西地区E32盐类矿物成因及油气地质意义 |
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| 引用本文： | 黄成刚,李智勇,倪祥龙,马新民,张世铭.柴达木盆地英西地区E32盐类矿物成因及油气地质意义[J].现代地质,2017,31(4):779. |
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| 作者姓名： | 黄成刚 李智勇 倪祥龙 马新民 张世铭 |
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| 作者单位： | 1中国石油天然气集团公司 油藏描述重点实验室，甘肃 兰州730020；2中国石油勘探开发研究院 西北分院，
甘肃 兰州730020；3中国石油 青海油田勘探开发研究院，甘肃 敦煌736202 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家科技重大专项“前陆冲断带及复杂构造区油气成藏规律、关键技术及目标评价”（2016ZX05003-006）；中国石油重大科技专项“柴达木盆地建设千万吨油气田综合配套技术研究”（2011E-03）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 近年来，柴达木盆地英西地区渐新统E32获得了持续的重大勘探发现。基于岩心观察、系统的微观岩石学、矿物学以及地球化学分析，系统总结了柴达木盆地英西地区渐新统咸化湖盆中盐类矿物特征、成因及成藏作用：(1)英西地区渐新统E32 4种重要的盐类矿物包括石盐、硬石膏、钙芒硝以及天青石等，或聚集成为具有一定厚度的盐层，或以矿物颗粒形式赋存于基质碳酸盐岩中。上部的盐间油层组的盐层较厚，以石盐为主，下部的盐下油层组的盐层较薄，以石膏为主；(2)盐类矿物“低锰”的元素地球化学特征、与盐类矿物伴生的基质碳酸盐岩具有的“低温成因”的碳氧同位素地球化学特征、未见热液矿物发育的岩石学特征以及分布面积极广的平面展布特征均显示了盐类矿物为典型的咸化湖盆沉积型，而非热液卤水析出型；(3)“盐”在油气成藏过程中发挥着重要作用，包括盐类矿物对裂缝的充填和防止油气逸散的封堵作用、盐层因具有很高的毛管突破压力和塑性特征而具有良好的封盖作用、地层条件下促进白云岩次生孔隙发育的作用以及占据一定的储集空间的消极作用等。这一研究成果可为盐下湖相碳酸盐岩的油气勘探提供重要的指导作用。
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| 关 键 词： | 柴达木盆地 英西地区 咸化湖盆 E32 盐类矿物 封盖作用 |
Origin of Salt Minerals and Oil gas Geological Significance of E32 Reservoirs
in Saline Lacustrine Basin of the Yingxi Area,Qaidam Basin |
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| HUANG Chenggang,LI Zhiyong,NI Xianglong,MA Xinming,ZHANG Shiming.Origin of Salt Minerals and Oil gas Geological Significance of E32 Reservoirs
in Saline Lacustrine Basin of the Yingxi Area,Qaidam Basin[J].Geoscience——Journal of Graduate School,China University of Geosciences,2017,31(4):779. |
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| Authors: | HUANG Chenggang LI Zhiyong NI Xianglong MA Xinming ZHANG Shiming |
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| Abstract: | In recent years, an important discovery in exploration has been made in E32 of Oligocene in Yingxi area of Western Qaidam Basin. Based on core observation, systemic microscopic characteristics analysis, mineralogy analysis and geochemical analysis, the salt minerals characteristics, origin and role in the process of hydrocarbon accumulation in Oligocene in saline lacustrine basin are systematically studied in the Yingxi area of Qaidam Basin。 (1)In this area, there are 4 important salt minerals, halite, gypsum, glauberite and celestite, which are gathered to form saline layers with certain thickness, or developed in matrix carbonate rock in the form of mineral particles. In upper reservoir group in middle of saline layers, the saline layers are thicker, and mainly rock salt, where thin oil layers are developed. In lower reservoir groups, the saline layers are thinner, and mainly gypsum. (2)Salt minerals has geochemical characteristics of ‘low content of Mn’, the matrix carbonate rock associated with salt minerals has ‘low temperature’ C-O isotope geochemical characteristics, petrological characteristics without the hydrothermal minerals and distribution characteristics of a very wide range. All of the above characteristics show the salt minerals in this area are typical deposition type in saline lacustrine basin, not hydrothermal brine precipitation type. (3)‘salt’ plays an important role in the process of hydrocarbon accumulation. Salt minerals play roles of filling crack and roles in sealing of preventing dissipation of oil and gas. Salt layers play a role in sealing and covering due to high capillary breakthrough pressure and plastic characteristics. Salt minerals promote the secondary pore development in dolomite and negative effect is occupying certain reservoir space. So the results of this research can provide an important guidance for oil and gas exploration in subsalt layer of saline lacustrine carbonate rocks. |
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| Keywords: | Qaidam Basin Yingxi area saline lacustrine basin E32 salt mineral role of sealing andcovering |
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