| 构造物理模拟和PIV有限应变分析对构造裂缝预测的启示 |
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| 引用本文： | 沈礼,贾东,尹宏伟,魏东涛,陈竹新,孙闯,崔键.构造物理模拟和PIV有限应变分析对构造裂缝预测的启示[J].高校地质学报,2016,22(1):171. |
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| 作者姓名： | 沈礼 贾东 尹宏伟 魏东涛 陈竹新 孙闯 崔键 |
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| 摘 要： | 油气储层中构造裂缝发育与有限应变状态关系密切,为了探索有限应变分析与构造裂缝预测的新技术方法,此次研究设计完成了一组单侧挤压收敛模型的物理模拟实验,并引入粒子图像测速(PIV,Particle Image Velocimetry)技术对实验过程进行了定量化分析。实验模型在垂向上为含粘性层的多层结构,实验结果形成了一个肉眼可见的箱状褶皱。通过PIV技术可以获取实验模型变形演化过程中各阶段的位移场数据,计算出各阶段的增量应变,实现从初始状态到褶皱形成之后整个变形过程的有限应变分析,探讨构造裂缝成因机制和分布规律,进行定量化裂缝预测。挤压变形过程初期,应变分布范围很广,有限应变较弱(约4%~8%),在挤压方向上的线应变表现为弱压应变,在垂向上的线应变表现为弱张应变,这种现象是褶皱和断层产生前平行层缩短和层增厚的纯剪变形结果,也是区域型张裂缝和剪裂缝形成的主要机制。褶皱和断层即将发育之时至发育之后,应变局限在断层发育的剪切带及附近区域,有限应变表现为较强(达20%)的剪切应变和剪切张应变,是断层面附近简单剪切变形作用的结果,也是局部型剪裂缝和张剪裂缝形成的主要机制。
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| 关 键 词： | 物理模拟 粒子图像测速（PIV） 有限应变分析 构造裂缝预测 |
Structural Analogue Modeling and PIV Finite Strain Analysis: Implications to Tectonic Fracture Prediction |
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| SHEN Li,JIA Dong,YIN Hongwei,WEI Dongtao,CHEN Zhuxin,SUN Chuang,CUI Jian.Structural Analogue Modeling and PIV Finite Strain Analysis: Implications to Tectonic Fracture Prediction[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2016,22(1):171. |
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| Authors: | SHEN Li JIA Dong YIN Hongwei WEI Dongtao CHEN Zhuxin SUN Chuang CUI Jian |
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| Abstract: | The development of structural fractures and finite strain state are closely related in the oil and gas reservoir. In order to
explore a new method of finite strain analysis and structural fracture prediction, this study designed and performed a set of sandbox
experiments. The particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique was applied to quantitatively analyze the experimental process. The
experimental model was a unilateral indentation model with a viscous layer in the vertical direction, and the results represent a
macroscopic box fold. Using the PIV technique, we can obtain the displacement field data during the deformation process in each stage
of the experiments, calculate the incremental strain in each step, and analyze the finite strain state during the whole deformation
process from the initial stage to the time after the fold was formed. Furthermore, the genesis mechanism and distribution can be
discussed to quantiatively predict the fractures. At the beginning of the deformation, the finite strain was weak (about 4-8%) and
widely distributed. Weak compressive linear strain was represented in the direction of indentation and weak tensile linear strain in the
vertical direction. These phenomena were interpreted as the results of the pure shear deformation, such as the thickening and parallel
shortening of the layers before the folding and faulting initiated. It is also the main mechanism of the formation of the regional tension
fissures and shear cracks. The finite strain was localized in the fault zone and the adjacent area when the fold and fault formed. Strong
shear and tensile shear strain (up to 20%) was revealed. These were the results of the simple shear deformation along the fault plane. It
is also the main mechanism of the formation of the local shear fractures and tensile shear cracks. |
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| Keywords: | analogue modeling particle image velocimetry (PIV) finite strain analysis tectonic fracture prediction |
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