National height datum,the Gauss–Listing geoid level value w0 and its time variation 0 (Baltic Sea Level Project: epochs 1990.8, 1993.8, 1997.4) |
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| Authors: | A Ardalan E Grafarend J Kakkuri |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Surveying and Geomatics Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 11365-4563, Tehran, Iran e-mail: ardalan@ut.ac.ir; Tel.: +98-21-8008841; Fax: +98-21-8008837, IR;(2) Department of Geodesy and GeoInformatics, Stuttgart University, Geschwister-Scholl-Str. 24, D-70174 Stuttgart, Germany e-mail: grafarend@gis.uni-stuttgart.de; Tel.: +49-711-1213474; Fax: +49-711-1213285, DE;(3) Finnish Geodetic Institute, Geodeetinrinne 2, 02430 Masala, Finland e-mail: juhani.kakkuri@fgi.fi; Tel.: +358-9-295 55 301; Fax: +358-9-295 55 200, FI |
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| Abstract: | A methodology for precise determination of the fundamental geodetic parameter w
0, the potential value of the Gauss–Listing geoid, as well as its time derivative 0, is presented. The method is based on: (1) ellipsoidal harmonic expansion of the external gravitational field of the Earth
to degree/order 360/360 (130 321 coefficients; http://www.uni-stuttgard.de/gi/research/ index.html projects) with respect
to the International Reference Ellipsoid WGD2000, at the GPS positioned stations; and (2) ellipsoidal free-air gravity reduction
of degree/order 360/360, based on orthometric heights of the GPS-positioned stations. The method has been numerically tested
for the data of three GPS campaigns of the Baltic Sea Level project (epochs 1990.8,1993.4 and 1997.4). New w
0 and 0 values (w
0=62 636 855.75 ± 0.21 m2/s2, 0=−0.0099±0.00079 m2/s2 per year, w
0/&γmacr;=6 379 781.502 m,0/&γmacr;=1.0 mm/year, and &γmacr;= −9.81802523 m2/s2) for the test region (Baltic Sea) were obtained. As by-products of the main study, the following were also determined: (1)
the high-resolution sea surface topography map for the Baltic Sea; (2) the most accurate regional geoid amongst four different
regional Gauss–Listing geoids currently proposed for the Baltic Sea; and (3) the difference between the national height datums
of countries around the Baltic Sea.
Received: 14 August 2000 / Accepted: 19 June 2001 |
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| Keywords: | : Geoid Potential Value – Time Variations – Sea Surface Topography – National Height Datums |
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