The total number of spicules on the solar surface and their role in heating and mass balanace in the solar corona |
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| Authors: | S G Mamedov D M Kuli-Zade Z F Alieva M M Musaev F R Mustafa |
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| Institution: | 1.N. Tusi Shamakha Astrophysical Observatory,National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan, Yu. Mamedaliev Settlement,Shamakha region,Azerbaijan;2.Baku State University,Baku,Azerbaijan |
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| Abstract: | A critical review of determinations of the number of spicules is presented, and the role of both classical and Type 2 spicules in heating and mass balance in the corona is considered. The total number of Type 2 spicules is determined, together with the upward fluxes of energy and mass to which they give rise. The total number of Type 2 spicules on the solar surface is found to be ~105, close to values obtained in other studies. The associated particle flux toward the corona is 2.5 × 1014 cm?2 s?1, an order of magnitude lower than the corresponding flux for classical spicules. The associated energy flux is 104 erg cm?2 s?1, an order of magnaitude lower than estimates obtained in other studies. The results indicate that Type 2 spicules can supply the mass lost from the corona, but are not able to fully explain coronal energy losses. |
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