Evolution of Archaean Southern Indian lithospheric mantle: a geochemical study of Proterozoic Agali?—?Coimbatore dykes |
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| Authors: | T Radhakrishna D G Pearson John Mathai |
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| Institution: | (1) Centre for Earth Science Studies, Trivandrum-695 031, India, IN;(2) Department of Terrestrial magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington D.C., USA, US |
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| Abstract: | Agali–Coimbatore dolerite dykes constitute an important Proterozoic magmatic event that affected the south Indian shield.
Rb-Sr whole rock isotope data yield an “errorchron” of 2369±400 Ma (2σ error) which is within error of the reported 2030±65 Ma
K-Ar age. The dyke magmas were evolved Fe-rich tholeiitic melts produced by fractionation of clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene
and olivine in the initial stages. Plagioclase became a fractionation phase during the latter stages of crystallization. The
dykes characteristically have high 87Sr/86Sri (0.703–0.706) and are enriched in large-ion lithophile and light rare earth elements relative to primordial mantle values
and show negative Nb anomalies. These compositional characteristics are interpreted as source mantle characteristics whereas
some crustal effects are visible in some samples with high initial 87Sr/86Sr. Peridotite with minor hydrous metasomatic phases like amphibole (and phlogopite) within the shallow lithospheric mantle
could be a potential source material for the dykes. However, at this stage we cannot convincingly differentiate whether the
source of the parent magmas is solely lithospheric or a product of asthenosphere-lithosphere mixing. The δ18O values of the dykes range from +5.2 to +7.2 per mil (vs standard mean oceanic water). Initial Nd isotope values at the time
of dyke intrusion (ɛNd at t=2.0 Ga) range from −2.3 to −4.8. Whole rocks define a correlation on an Sm-Nd isochron plot with a slope equivalent to an
age of 3.15±0.53 Ga (2σ error); Sm-Nd crustal residence ages average at 2.87 Ga. The isochron age does not appear to be the
result of systematic mixing with an older crustal component. These results together with trace element geochemistry suggest that the south Indian
mantle lithosphere developed by addition of enriched melts/fluids at about 3.0 Ga synchronously with major crustal gene- ration
in the south Indian shield.
Received 20 June 1994/Accepted: 17 May 1995 |
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