Chlorine-36 in groundwater of the United States: empirical data |
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| Authors: | Stanley N Davis Stephen Moysey DeWayne L Cecil Marek Zreda |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA,;(2) Department of Geophysics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA,;(3) US Geological Survey, 900 N. Skyline Drive, Suite C, Idaho Falls, ID 83402, USA, |
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| Abstract: | Natural production of the radionuclide chlorine-36 (36Cl) has provided a valuable tracer for groundwater studies. The nuclear industry, especially the testing of thermonuclear
weapons, has also produced large amounts of 36Cl that can be detected in many samples of groundwater. In order to be most useful in hydrologic studies, the natural production
prior to 1952 should be distinguished from more recent artificial sources. The object of this study was to reconstruct the
probable preanthropogenic levels of 36Cl in groundwater in the United States. Although significant local variations exist, they are superimposed on a broad regional
pattern of 36Cl/Cl ratios in the United States. Owing to the influence of atmospherically transported ocean salt, natural ratios of 36Cl/total Cl are lowest near the coast and increase to a maximum in the central Rocky Mountains of the United States.
Electronic Publication |
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| Keywords: | Radioactive isotopes Chlorine-36 Chloride/bromide ratios |
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