首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
     检索      


Paleocurrents and the problem of continental drift
Authors:JoÃo José Bigarella
Institution:(1) Present address: Instituto de GeociÊncias, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 5078, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil
Abstract:The hypothesis of continental drift is examined on the light of paleocurrent analysis. A peripherical radial transportation pattern was obtained in South America and Africa from marine sandstones deposited during Ordovician to Devonian times. This pattern is suggestive of a former adjacent position between both continents, being the source area located somewhere in eastern Brazil and western Africa (Figs. 8 and 9). The paleocurrents in both continents flowed away from this common area. Evidences of Ordovician and/or Silurian glaciation indicated a radial movement for the ice-sheets, away from the same source area. The Caradocian ice movement in Sahara was to the north, while the ice-flow in the Gape Province was to the south, and in Northeastern Brazil it was possibly to the west.The Carboniferous paleocurrent and ice-movement trends are suggestive of a territorial contiguity between Africa and South America. However, several data must be revised for stratigraphic control.The Permian formations in the Paraná and Karroo basins had independent development without any direct connection as suggested by cross-bedding analysis. The occurrence ofMesosaurus in both basins is a strong argument of their close position at the time of sedimentation.Mesozoic wind laid deposits occur in both continents from Upper Triassic to Lower Cretaceous time. The Triassic eolian sandstones were deposited by westerly paleowinds in middle latitude region at the time of continental contiguity. The Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous eolian sandstones were deposited after the separation between the continents had started. The paleowind pattern includes westerlies, trade-,and ldquoreturnrdquo tradewinds. This pattern is suggestive for the presence of the Southern Atlantic Ocean in Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous time.
Zusammenfassung Die Hypothese der Kontinentaldrift der Südkontinente Afrika und Südamerika wird mit Hilfe der Analyse von PalÄoströmungen untersucht.Marine Sandsteinablagerungen vom Ordoviz bis zum Devon zeigen in Südamerika und auch in Afrika peripher-radiales Transportnetz.Dies weist auf eine früher zusammenhÄngende Position zwischen beiden Kontinenten hin, deren Ursprung in Ost-Brasilien und West-Afrika gelegen haben mu\, da die Strömungsrichtungen in beiden Kontinenten von diesem Gebiet ausgehen (Fig. 8 und 9).Die Vereisung im Ordoviz und/oder Silur zeigt eine sternförmige Bewegungsrichtung des Eises vom gleichen Ursprungsgebiet aus. Die Strömungsrichtung zur Caradoc-Zeit war in der Sahara nach N gerichtet, wÄhrend sich das Eis in der Kap-Provinz nach S und in NE-Brasilien möglicherweise nach W bewegte.Die Strömungsrichtungen und Eisbewegungen im Karbon deuten auf einen territorialen Zusammenhang zwischen Afrika und Südamerika hin, jedoch bedürfen einige Daten einer stratigraphischen überprüfung.Das Perm im Paraná- und Karroo-Becken zeigt eine unabhÄngige Entwicklung ohne direkten Zusammenhang, wie er aus SchrÄgschichtungsmessungen angedeutet wurde. Das Vorkommen vonMesosaurus in beiden Becken ist ein gewichtiges Argument für ihre benachbarte Lage wÄhrend der Sedimentation.Im Mesozoikum finden wir von Obertrias bis Unterkreide in beiden Kontinenten Äolische Ablagerungen. Die der Trias wurden durch westliche Winde in mittleren geographischen Breiten sedimentiert, zu einer Zeit, als die beiden Kontinente noch zusammenhingen. Die Sandsteine des Oberen Juras und der Unteren Kreide wurden abgelagert, nachdem die Trennung der Kontinente begonnen hatte.Das PalÄowindsystem zeigt westliche und Passatwinde. Dieses System spricht bereits für das Vorhandensein des Südatlantiks wÄhrend dem Oberen Jura und der Unteren Kreide.

Sumário No presente trabalho o problema da deriva continental é examinada do ponto de vista da análise das paleocorrentes. MediÇÕes de estratos cruzados em arenitos marinhos do Ordoviciano ao Devoniano, realizadas na áfrica e na América do Sul indicaram urn padrÃo de transporte periférico-radial. Êste padrÃo é sugestivo de uma justaposiÇÃo pretérita entre ambos continentes. A área fonte estaria localizada na regiÃo oriental da América do Sul e Ocidental da áfrica (figs. 8 e 9). Em ambos continentes as paleocorrentes fluiram a partir desta área comum. EvidÊncias de glaciaÇÃo Ordoviciana e/ou Siluriana indicam um movimento radial das massas de gÊlo a partir da mesma área fonte. No Sahara, o movimento do gÊlo no Caradociano fazia-se para o norte, enquanto que, na Provincia do Cabo era para o Sul, e no Nordeste do Brasil Êle provàvelmente dirigia-se para o oeste.No Carbonifero, as paleocorrentes e tendÊncia do movimento das geleiras sÃo sugestivas de uma contiguidade territorial entre a América do Sul e áfrica. Contudo, várlos dados devem ser revisados para controle estratigráfico.As formaÇÕes Permianas nas bacias do Paraná e do Karroo apresentam desenvolvimento independente. O estudo das paleocorrentes nÃo sugere qualquer ligaÇÃo direta. Entretanto, a ocorrÊncia deMesosaurus em ambas bacias, constitui forte argumenta a favor de maior proximidade entre elas na época de sedimentaÇÃo.Os depósitos eólicos mesozóicos ocorrem em ambos continentes desde o Triássico Superior até o Cretáceo Inferior. Os arenitos eólicos Triássicos foram depositados em regiÃo de latitude média pelos paleoventos de oeste. Nésta época, ambos os continentes encontravam-se unidos. Os arenitos eólicos do Jurássico Superior-Cretáceo Inferior foram depositados após o início da separaÇÃo. O sistema de paleoventos inclui ventos de oeste, aliseos e aliseos de ldquoretÔrnordquo. Êste padrÃo de circulaÇÃo aérea é sugestivo da presenÇa do Atlântico sul durante o Jurássico Superior — Cretáceo Inferior.

kcyRcyAcytcykcyOcyIEcy scyOcyDcyIEcyRcyzhcyAcyNcyIcyIEcy scy pcyOcyMcyOcySHCHcysoftcyUcy AcyNcyAcylcyIcyzhcyAcy pcyAcylcy IEcyOcytcyIEcyCHcyIEcyNcyIcyIcy pcyRcyOcyVcyIEcyRcyIcylcyIcy gcyIcypcyOcytcyIEcyzhcyUcy kcyOcyNcytcyIcyNcyIEcyNcytcyAcylcysoftcyNcyOcygcyOcy DcyRcyIEcyIcyFcyAcy UcyzhcyNcyOcyIcy CHcyAcyscytcyIcy AcyFcy RcyIcykcyIcy Icy UcyzhcyNcyOcyIcy AcyMcyIEcyRcyIcykcyIcy. McyOcyRcyscykcyIcyIEcy OcytcylcyOcyzhcyIEcyNcyIcysoftcy pcyIEcy scykcyAcy Ocytcy OcyRcyDcyOcyVcyIcykcyAcy DcyOcy DcyIEcyVcy OcyNcyAcy OcyscytcyAcyVcyIcylcyIcy Vcy UcyzhcyNcyOcyIcy AcyMcyIEcyRcy IcykcyIEcy Icy AcyFcyRcyIcykcyIEcy pcyIEcyRcyIcyFcyIEcyRcyIcyCHcyIEcyscy kcyIcy-RcyAcyDcyIcyAcylcysoftcyNcyUcyUcy scyIEcytcysoftcy pcyIEcy RcyIEcyNcyOcyscyAcy. IOcytcyOcy UcykcyAcyzhcyycyVcyAcyIEcytcy NcyAcy tcyOcy, CHcytcyOcy kcyOcygcyDcyAcy-tcyOcy OcyBcyAcy IOcytcyIcy McyAcytcyIEcyRcy IcykcyAcy pcyRcyIcylcyIEcygcyAcylcyIcy, Icy IOcytcyAcy scyVcy softcyzhcysoftcy shcylcyAcy CHcyIEcyRcyIEcyzhcy OcyBcylcyAcyscytcysoftcy VcyOcyscytcyOcyCHcy NcyOcyIcy BcyRcyAcyzhcyIcylcyIcyIcy Icy zhcyAcypcyAcyDcyNcyOcyIcy Acy FcyRcyIcykcyIcy, tcy. kcy. NcyAcypcyRcyAcyVcylcyIEcyNcyIcyIEcy pcyOcytcyOcykcyOcyVcy NcyAcy OcyBcyOcyIcykhcy McyAcytcyIEcyRcyIcykcyAcykhcy IcyscykhcyOcyDcyIcytcyscysoftcy Icyzhcy NcyAcyzhcyVcyAcyNcyNcy ycykhcy OcyBcylcyAcyscytcyIEcyIcy (RcyIcyscy. 8 Icy 9). pcyRcyIcy OcylcyIEcyDcyIEcyNcyIEcyNcyIcyIcy Vcy OcyRcyDcyOcy VcyIcykcyIEcy Icy/IcylcyIcy scyIcylcyUcyRcyIEcy lcyIEcyDcyNcy Icykcy pcyRcyOcyDcyVcyIcygcyAcylcyscysoftcy Icyzhcy tcyOcyIcy zhcyIEcy OcyBcylcyAcyscytcyIcy. NcyAcypcyRcyAcyVcylcyIEcyNcyIcyIEcy tcyIEcyCHcyIEcyNcyIcyIcy Vcy pcyIEcyRcyIcyOcyDcy Caradoc shcylcyOcy Vcy scyAcykhcyAcyRcyIEcy NcyAcy scyIEcyVcyIEcyRcy, Vcy tcyOcy VcyRcyIEcyMcysoftcy, kcyAcykcy lcyIEcyDcy Vcy pcyRcyOcyVcyIcyNcy tscyIcyIcy kcyAcypcyshcytcyAcytcyAcyNcyAcy Ucygcy, Acy Vcy scyIEcyVcyIEcyRcyOcyVcyOcyscytcyOcyCHcyNcyOcyIcy BcyRcyAcy zhcyIcylcyIcyIcy, VcyIEcyRcyOcysoftcytcyNcyOcy, NcyAcy zhcyAcypcyAcyDcy. NcyAcypcyRcyAcyVcylcyIEcyNcyIcyIEcy tcyIEcyCHcyIEcyNcyIcyIcy Icy pcyRcyOcyDcyVcyIcyzhcyIEcyNcyIcyIcy lcyIEcyDcyNcyIcykcy OcyVcy Vcy kcyAcyMcyIEcyNcyNcyOcyUcygcyOcylcysoftcyNcyOcyMcy pcyIEcyRcy IcyOcyDcyIEcy gcyOcyVcyOcyRcyIcytcy Vcy pcyOcylcysoftcyzhcyUcy tcyIEcyRcyRcy IcytcyOcyRcyIcyAcylcysoftcyNcyOcygcyOcy IEcyDcyIcyNcyscytcy VcyAcy AcyFcyRcyIcykcyIcy Icy UcyzhcyNcyOcyIcy AcyMcyIEcyRcyIcykcyIcy, OcyDcyNcyAcykcyOcy, zhcyDcyIEcyscysoftcy tcyRcyIEcyBcyUcyIEcytcyscysoftcy pcyRcyOcyVcy IEcyRcyIcytcysoftcy DcyAcyNcyNcyycyIEcy scytcyRcyAcytcyIcygcy RcyAcyFcyIcyIcy. scy pcyIEcyRcyMcyIcy Vcy BcyAcyscyscyIEcyIcyNcyAcykhcy pcyAcy RcyAcyNcyycy Icy kcyAcyRcyRcyUcy OcytcyMcyIEcyCHcyAcyUcytcy UcyzhcyIEcy NcyIEcyzhcyAcyVcyIcyscyIcyMcyOcyIEcy RcyAcyzhcyVcyIcytcyIcy IEcy NcyAcyzhcyVcyAcyNcyNcyycykhcy OcyBcylcyAcyscytcyIEcyIcy, CHcy tcyOcy VcyIcyDcyNcyOcy pcyOcy DcyAcyNcyNcyycyMcy IcyzhcyMcy IEcyRcyIEcyNcyIcysoftcy kcyOcyscyycykhcy NcyAcypcylcyAcyscytcyOcyVcyAcyNcyIcyIcy. NcyAcykhcyOcyDcykcyIcy McyIEcyzhcyOcyzhcyAcyVcyRcyOcyVcy Vcy OcyBcyOcyIcykhcy BcyAcyscyscyIEcyIcyNcyAcykhcy softcyVcylcysoftcy IEcytcyscysoftcy VcyAcyzhcyNcyycyMcy AcyRcygcyUcyMcyIEcyNcytcyOcyMcy Vcy pcyOcylcysoftcyzhcyUcy pcyRcyIcylcyIEcygcyAcyNcyIcysoftcy IOcytcyIcykhcy McyAcytcyIEcy RcyIcykcyOcyVcy Vcy pcyIEcyRcyIcyOcyDcy OcyscyAcyDcykcyOcy NcyAcykcyOcypcylcyIEcyNcyIcysoftcy. Vcy McyIEcyzhcyOcyzhcyOcyIEcy Ocytcy VcyIEcyRcykhcyNcyIEcygcyOcy tcyRcyIcyAcyscyAcy DcyOcy NcyIcyzhcyNcyIEcygcyOcy McyIEcylcy Acy OcytcyMcyIEcyCHcyAcyUcytcyscysoftcy IOcyOcylcyOcyVcyycyIEcy Ocy tcylcyOcyzhcyIEcyNcyIcysoftcy. Vcy tcyRcyIcyAcyscyIEcy OcytcylcyOcyzhcyIEcyNcyIcysoftcy NcyAcy OcyBcyOcyIcy McyAcytcyIEcyRcyIcykcyAcykhcy pcyRcyIcyNcyOcy scyIcylcy zhcyAcypcyAcyDcyNcyycyIcy VcyIEcytcyIEcyRcy VcyDcyOcylcysoftcy scyRcyIEcyDcyNcyIcykhcy shcyIcyRcyOcytcy, CHcytcyOcy Ocypcysoftcytcysoftcy gcyOcyVcyOcyRcy Icytcy Ocy scyVcysoftcyzhcyIcy McyAcytcyIEcyRcyIcykcyOcyVcy. pcy IEcyscyCHcyAcyNcyIcykcyIcy VcyIEcyRcykhcyNcyIEcyIcy UcyRcyycy Icy NcyIcyzhcyNcyIEcygcyOcy McyIEcylcyAcy scytcyAcylcyIcy OcytcykcylcyAcyDcyycyVcyAcy tcysoftcyscysoftcy pcyOcyscylcyIEcy RcyAcyscykhcyOcyzhcyDcyIEcyNcy Icysoftcy McyAcytcyIEcyRcyIcykcyOcyVcy. scyIcyscytcyIEcyMcyAcy pcyAcylcyIEcyOcyVcyIEcytcyRcyOcyVcy UcyscytcyAcyNcyOcyVcyIcylcyAcy NcyAcylcyIcyCHcyIcyIEcy zhcy AcypcyAcyDcyNcyycykhcy Icy pcyAcyscyscyAcytcyNcyycykhcy VcyIEcytcyRcyOcyVcy. IOcytcyOcy gcyOcyVcyOcyRcyIcytcy Vcy pcyOcylcysoftcyzhcyUcy scyUcySHCHcyIEcy scytcyVcyOcyVcyAcyNcyIcysoftcy UcyzhcyNcyOcyIcy AcytcylcyAcy NcytcyIcykcyIcy Vcy pcyIEcyRcyIcyOcyDcy VcyIEcyRcykhcyNcyIEcyIcy UcyRcyycy Icy NcyIcyzhcyNcyIEcygcyOcy McyIEcylcyAcy.


Under the auspices of the Conselho Nacional de Pesquisas (Brasil), Geological Survey of South Africa, and Institute Algerien du Pétrole.
Keywords:
本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录!
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号