Geology and geochemistry of the Huilvshan gold deposit,Xinjiang, China: Implications for mechanism of gold precipitation |
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| Institution: | 1. U.S. Geological Survey, Box 25046, MS 964, Denver Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225-0046, USA;2. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;3. Centre for Exploration Targeting, School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 60094, Australia;4. Orebusters Py Ltd, 4 Handley Close, Leeming, WA 6149, Australia;1. School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China;2. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Guangzhou 510275, China;3. School of Earth Science and Geological Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;4. South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Guangzhou 510006, China;5. NASA Astrobiology Institute, Department of Geoscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA;6. South China Sea Branch, State Oceanic Administration, Guangzhou 510310, China;7. Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, Guangzhou 510760, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, People''s Republic of China;2. School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, People''s Republic of China;3. School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia;4. Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences, McGill University, Montreal H3A2A7, Canada |
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| Abstract: | The Huilvshan gold deposit in the west Junggar (Xinjiang, China) is hosted in chloritized basalts, chlorite–siderite-altered basalts, and quartz–siderite rocks. Our study demonstrated that all these rocks were derived by alteration of basalts in a shear zone. The orebodies, consisting of quartz-sulfide veins and disseminated sulfides, formed in five stages: quartz–muscovite (I), disseminated sulfides (II), quartz–ankerite-sulfide (III), quartz–calcite-sulfide (IV), and quartz–calcite (V). Auriferous minerals are native gold in stage III and electrum in stage IV. During alteration of basalts in the shear zone, ore-forming elements were released from basalts to ore-forming fluid. Compared with fresh basalts, sulfide-bearing chloritized basalts contain much higher Sr, Ba, P, La, Ce, U, Mn, Ni, Zn, As, Ag, and Au contents. Phase analysis of the As–Cu–Fe–S–O system with the SUPCRT92 software package indicates that a decrease of the aH2S value, caused by the fluid–rock reactions and crystallization of sulfides, induced gold precipitation. |
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