| 中国沙漠科学的五十年 |
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| 引用本文： | 王涛,赵哈林.中国沙漠科学的五十年[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(2):145-165. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王涛 赵哈林 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,沙坡头沙漠试验研究站,沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室,甘肃,兰州,730000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家“973”沙漠化项目(TG2000048705)资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 50多年来,在几代沙漠科技人员的不懈努力下,中国的沙漠科学从无到有,在从填补沙漠研究空白并取得长足进展的同时,沙漠化研究又以其创新性和系统性的理论进展,经济、社会和环境效益的实践成果,极大地充实了我国的沙漠科学,为我国北方地区国民经济建设和生态环境保护做出了突出的贡献,取得了包括国家科技进步特等奖在内的一大批科研成果和上百亿元的直接经济效益。过去20 a来,北方约有 10%的沙漠化土地得到治理,12%的沙漠化土地有所改善,局部地区出现“人进沙退”的新局面。已形成了以中国科学院和国家林业局等有关研究所为主体的国家级沙漠和沙漠化研究机构,汇集了一批优秀的沙漠和沙漠化科学家,创建了我国比较完整的沙漠和沙漠化科学及其研究体系,在风沙物理与沙漠环境、沙漠形成演变与全球变化、沙漠化过程及其防治、沙区资源环境与可持续发展、沙漠化遥感与信息系统综合研究等方面取得了重大进展,积累了丰富的研究资料和数据。在全国主要沙漠和沙漠化地区设有一批长期野外试验站(点),已为国家在有关沙漠开发利用和沙漠化防治方面的决策提供了大量的科研成果和理论依据。我国沙漠科学研究和实践所取得的辉煌成就,得到了政府、地方民众、科学界和国际社会的普遍认可。
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| 关 键 词： | 中国 50a 沙漠科学 沙漠与沙漠化研究与实践 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-694X(2005)02-0145-021 |
| 修稿时间： | 2004年9月10日 |
Fifty-year History of China Desert Science |
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| WANG Tao,ZHAO Ha-lin.Fifty-year History of China Desert Science[J].Journal of Desert Research,2005,25(2):145-165. |
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| Authors: | WANG Tao ZHAO Ha-lin |
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| Abstract: | Desert Science of China has developed from nonexistence to pass into existence, and from filling a vacancy to getting rapid progress in the past 50 years under the unremitting efforts of several generation researchers. Meantime, Desertification Research has greatly enriched China Desert Science due to its theory progresses on innovation and systematicness, and practical achievements on economic, social and environmental effects, which has made considerable contribution to the national economy construction and eco-environmental protection of northern China; a great group of research achievements were rewarded with awards including National Scientific Progress Special Grade Award etc. and have made hundred millions of direct economic benefit. In the past 20 years, there were 10% percent of desertified lands were reversed, 12% of them were improved, and part of them came forth new phase of \!human advances and desert recedes\". Up to now, the desert and desertification research institutions on national level that take The Chinese Academy of Sciences and The State Forestry Bureau as the principal parts have come into being, where assembled with many excellent desert and desertification scientists. The relatively complete desert/desertification science system and research system have been established, which have obtained great progress in studies on blown-sand physics and desert environment, desert formation and evolution, global climate change, desertification process and its control, resource environment and sustainable development of desert area, remote sensing and information about desertification; as one result, abundant research original data have been accumulated. Nowadays, a field long-term observation station net has been set up in China desert and desertification areas, they have been providing scientific research achievement and theory bases. The great successes on desert science and practice of China are popularly recognized by local people, government and international science field. |
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| Keywords: | China 50-year history desert science desert/desertification research and practice |
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