The Middle to Upper Jurassic stable isotope record of Madagascar: Linking temperature changes with plate tectonics during the break-up of Gondwana |
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| Institution: | 1. Institut für Geowissenschaften, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Ludewig-Meyn-Straße 10, 24118 Kiel, Germany;2. Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Research Centre in Kraków, ul. Senacka 1, Kraków 31-002, Poland;3. GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Fachgruppe PaläoUmwelt, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loewenichstraße 28, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;4. Leibniz Laboratory for Radiometric Dating and Stable Isotope Research, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Straße 11, 24118 Kiel, Germany;5. Faculty of Geology, University of Warsaw, Poland;1. Faculté Pluridisciplinaire de Nador & Laboratoire des Géosciences Appliquées, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed I, Oujda, Morocco;2. Department of Geodynamics, University of Granada, Granada, Spain;3. School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, The King''s Building, James Hutton Road, EH9 3FE, Edinburgh, UK;4. Laboratoire de Géo-biodiversité et du Patrimoine Naturel (GEOBIO), Centre de Recherche \"Geophysics, Natural Patrimony and Green Chemistry\" (GEOPAC), Institut Scientifique, Université Mohammed V de Rabat, Morocco;5. John de Laeter Center, Curtin University, Bentley 6845, Australia;6. School of Earth and Planetary Science, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia;1. State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China;2. College of Earth Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;1. Department of Geosciences, Biogeology, University of Tübingen, Hölderlinstrasse 12, 72074 Tübingen, Germany;2. Senckenberg Research Centre for Human Evolution and Paleoenvironment, University of Tübingen, Hölderlinstrasse 12, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;3. Instituto de Investigaciones Arqueológicas y Paleontológicas del Cuaternario Pampeano (INCUAPA-CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Centro de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Del Valle 5737, B7400JWI Olavarría, Buenos Aires, Argentina;4. Museo Municipal de Ciencias Naturales Pachamama, Santa Clara del Mar, Argentina;5. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Argentina;6. Div. Paleontología Vertebrados, Museo de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque, 1900 La Plata, Argentina;7. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja (CRILAR), Provincia de La Rioja, UNLaR, SEGEMAR, UNCa, CONICET, Entre Ríos y Mendoza s/n, 5301 Anillaco, La Rioja, Argentina;1. Department of Research and Cooperation, Mongolian University of Science and Technology, 8th khoroo, Baga toiruu 34, Sukhbaatar district, Ulaanbaatar 14191, Mongolia;2. Department of Earth Sciences and Astronomy, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan;3. Department of Biosphere-Geosphere Science, Faculty of Biosphere-Geosphere Science, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridaicho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi 700-0005, Japan;4. Department of Chemistry, Gakushuin University, 1-5-1, Mejiro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8588, Japan;5. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan;1. YachayTech University, School of Geological Sciences and Engineering, Hacienda San José, Urcuquí, Ecuador;2. Instituto de Geociências (IGC), Universidade de São Paulo, INCT – Geociam, SP 05508080, Brazil;3. Universitá degli studi di Torino, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, via Valperga Caluso 35, 10125 Torino, Italy;4. Centro Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse (IGG), via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy;5. Universitá di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, 41125 Modena, via Campi 103, Italy |
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| Abstract: | Stable isotope (δ18O, δ13C) analyses were performed on well preserved belemnites, oysters, and rhynchonellid brachiopods from the Middle to Upper Jurassic of the Morondava Basin in southern Madagascar. Both brachiopods and oysters indicate similar average temperatures of 18.7 to 19.3 °C in the Early Callovian, followed by a temperature decrease towards the Middle Oxfordian (13.9 °C) and a minimum in the Early Kimmeridgian (12.3 °C). In contrast, belemnites from the Oxfordian show lower average temperatures of 10.0 °C, which is likely caused by specific conditions for these organisms (e.g., different fractionation or life habits). Additionally, three oysters from the Upper Oxfordian and Lower Kimmeridgian were used for high-resolution stable isotope analyses. The data show seasonal fluctuations of >6 °C around averages between 14.4 and 14.7 °C. Latitudinal temperature gradients for the Callovian and Kimmeridgian are similar to today at the examined low latitudes of the southern hemisphere. The observed cooling of around 5 °C from the Callovian to the Oxfordian/Kimmeridgian can be attributed to a concurrent southward drift of Madagascar during the break-up of Gondwana. Thus, the study underlines the importance of considering palaeogeography in interpreting stable isotope data as well as the potential of detecting and timing palaeogeographic events by using stable isotope analyses. |
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