| 美国州际政治地理与奥巴马的白人选票 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘宝东.美国州际政治地理与奥巴马的白人选票[J].世界地理研究,2011(4):1-15. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘宝东 |
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| 作者单位： | 美国犹他大学政治系,美国84112 |
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| 摘 要： | 最近30年，许多关于美国政治地理的讨论主要包含4个州际种族和民族理论：黑人威胁论、州际文化差异论、种族多样性：哩论和社会资本论。本文将同时应用这4种理论来解释美国历史上第一位非裔总统巴拉克奥巴马的当选原因。研究表明：种族构成复杂程度和白人选举黑人候选人的意愿之间存在负相关性，而美国的多元文化却正面影响白人选民对黑人的支持。具体而言，黑人密度不断增加与种族之间的紧张度的提高都负面影响白人选举奥巴马的意愿。然而，白人投票者的社会资本积累和“道德政府”的州际政治文化的存在则有助于大选中自人对奥巴马的支持。
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| 关 键 词： | 奥巴马 白人投票 种族冲突 州际政治地理 |
American State Political Geography and Obama White Vote |
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| LIU Bao-dong.American State Political Geography and Obama White Vote[J].World Regional Studies,2011(4):1-15. |
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| Authors: | LIU Bao-dong |
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| Institution: | LIU Bao-dong (University of Utah,Salt Lake City,UT 84112,USA) |
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| Abstract: | Many of the debates during the last three decades on the politi- cal geography of American states have involved four competing theories that examine racial and ethnic conflict from the perspectives of black threat （Key 1949）,state culture（Elazar 1984）,rac＇ial diversity（Hero 1998）and social capital （Putnam 2000）. This article simultaneously links these four theories to the historical election of Baraek 0bama as the first African-American President of the United States. The converged findings based on multiple methods strongly suggest the coexistence of negative racial compositional effect and positive impact of American pluralism on white willingness to vote for black candidates. Specifically,the increased black density and racial diversity in states heightened the racial tension and reduced white willingness to vote for 0bama. In the mean time,the social capital of white voters and an enduring state culture to believe that government can play a positive ＂moralistic＂ role in pursuing equality were instrumental in the 0bama white vote. |
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| Keywords: | 0bama white vote racial conflict state political geography |
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