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| 高地降温效应与构造-气候旋回 | |
| 引用本文： | 张信宝,贺秀斌,汪阳春,张云奇.高地降温效应与构造-气候旋回[J].山地学报,2007,25(4):400-405. |
| 作者姓名： | 张信宝 贺秀斌 汪阳春 张云奇 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川,成都,610041;中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室,陕西,西安,710075 2. 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川,成都,610041 3. 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川,成都,610041;中国科学学院研究生院,北京,100049 |
| 摘 要： | 基于辐射平衡的原理,提出"高地降温效应"假说,阐明高原隆升与全球气候变冷的机制。地球如同被玻璃(大气层)包裹的、接受太阳辐射的球体,这层玻璃易于太阳短波的透入,不易于地面长波的散出,起到了很好的保温作用。玻璃越厚,保温效果越好,地球表面的热能量水平越高,地面温度也越高;反之,地面温度越低。估算了青藏高原和同纬度长江中下游平原之间的逆辐射量差值,用以表征高原隆升的逆辐射量减少值,进而又估算了全球高原隆升的逆辐射量减少值及占地球接受太阳辐射总量的比例。"高地降温效应"假说可以较好的解释寒武纪以来三次重大的构造运动-地貌演化-气候变化过程。构造运动形成高大山系和高原,引起全球降温,气候变冷;随着隆升的山系和高地逐渐被侵蚀为低地,地球表面变得平坦,全球大气层的温室效应增强,全球复又升温,气候变暖。青藏高原的形成,如同地球开了一个散热的"天窗",对新生代以来全球的持续降温作出了重要的贡献。 |
| 关 键 词： | 高地 降温效应 地球 构造 地貌 气候 |
| 文章编号： | 1008-2786-（2007）4-400-06 |
| 修稿时间： | 2006-12-01 |
Highland Effect on Cooling the Earth and Tectonic-Climate Cycling |
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| ZHANG Xinbao,HE Xiubin,WANG Yangchun,ZHANG Yunqi.Highland Effect on Cooling the Earth and Tectonic-Climate Cycling[J].Journal of Mountain Research,2007,25(4):400-405. | |
| Authors: | ZHANG Xinbao HE Xiubin WANG Yangchun ZHANG Yunqi |
| Abstract: | Based on radiation balance on the earth surfaces,a hypothese on " highland effect on cooling the earth" is proposed in this paper to interpret relationships between highland uplifting and climate cooling in the earth.The earth look likes a ball,which is wrapped by atmosphere(grass) and receives solar radiation.Solar shortwaves are easy to penetrate through the grass into the earth surfaces,but longwave,from the earth surfaces are not easy to penetrate through the grass back to the space.Atmosphere(the grass) keeps earth warm and the process is called greenhouse effect.The earth surfaces covered with thicker atmosphere layers are warmer than the surfaces with thin layers. The difference of counter radiation between the Tibet Plateau and the Middle and Lower Reach Plain of the Yangtze River is assessed to represent the reduction of counter radiation due to the plateau uplifting.The reduction of counter radiation due to uplifting of major high plateaus over the world and its ratio to the total solar radiation on the earth are also estimated.Three major procesis of tectonic movement-geomorphology evolution-climate change since Cambrian Period can be reasonably interpreted by the hypothese on "highland effect on cooling the earth".Tectonic movements result in formations of high mountains and plateaus,which results in cooling the earth.As the high mountains and plateaus are eroded to a low flat land,the greenhouse effects strengthen and the earth becomes warm.Formation of the Tibet Plateau likes to open a "skylight" to release heat and has made great contribution to cooling the earth since Cenozoic Era. |
| Keywords: | highland cooling effect the earth tectonics geomorphology climate |
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