| 古代生物分子与分子考古学 |
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| 引用本文： | 赖旭龙.古代生物分子与分子考古学[J].地球科学进展,2001,16(2):163-171. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赖旭龙 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国地质大学地球科学学院, |
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| 摘 要： | 分别论述了从古DNA，古蛋白质，类脂化合物等古代生物分子的尺度去研究人类的起源和迁移，动，植物的家养和驯化过程及早期农业的发展，考古点动植物骸的精确鉴定，新的定年技术以及古气候的变化等与考古学相关的许多重要问题，对分子考古学及其应用进行综述，并就在我国开展分子考古学研究提出了展望。
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| 关 键 词： | 分子考古学 古DNA 古蛋白 生物标志化合物 稳定同位素 |
| 文章编号： | 1001-8166(2001)02-0163-09 |
ANCIENT BIOMOLECULES AND MOLECULAR ARCHAEOLOGY—A REVIEW |
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| LAI Xu,long.ANCIENT BIOMOLECULES AND MOLECULAR ARCHAEOLOGY—A REVIEW[J].Advance in Earth Sciences,2001,16(2):163-171. |
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| Authors: | LAI Xu long |
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| Institution: | Faculty of Earth Sciences,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China |
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| Abstract: | As the development of modern molecular biology, organic geochemistry during past decade，it is possible to use ancient biomolecules includin g ancient DNA, ancient protein，biomarkers and stable isotopes to answer plenty of archaeology-related key problems. This paper mainly reviews ancient biomolec ules and its application to archaeology—the emerging field of molecular archaeo logy. It includes following three main parts:Firstly, ancient DNA preserved in ancient samples younger than 100,000 years can be recovered and amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). It is possible f or us to use ancient DNA for genetic analysis in human origin and migration，pre cise identification of archaeological remains, plant and animal domestication an d development of early agriculture.Secondly, one area of ancient protein research where much greater investment has been made in predictive models of diagenesis, is that of amino-acid racemizati o n. The increase in proportion of the non-biological (D-) isomer of amino-acid relative to L- isomer has been widely used in archaeology as a tool for dating . This new dating approach is of great potential in archaeology and forensic med icine.Thirdly, biomarkers such as lipids and bitumen extracted from archaeological mat erials can reveal secrets of past civilizations. New data also prove that Carbon (C3, C4) and Nitrogen stable isotopes document the diet in ancient human po pulations.Finally, the author also prospect potential fields of molecular archaeology in China. |
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| Keywords: | Molecular archaeology Ancient DNA Ancient protein Biomarkers Stable isotope |
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